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Showing content from https://cplusplus.github.io/LWG/issue4028 below:

is_(nothrow_)convertible should be reworded to avoid dependence on the return statement

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4028. std::is_(nothrow_)convertible should be reworded to avoid dependence on the return statement

Section: 21.3.8 [meta.rel] Status: New Submitter: Jiang An Opened: 2023-12-18 Last modified: 2023-12-22

Priority: Not Prioritized

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Discussion:

The current specification for std::is_convertible is sensitive to the requirements for the return statements. As a result, the requirements were accidentally changed by P0135R1 and then changed back by CWG issue 2426. The current revision of P2748 also plans to change the wording for std::is_convertible to avoid actual behavioral changing.

IMO it's better to specify std::is_convertible in a such way that is independent to return statements. The proposed resolution matches what mainstream implementations do, and should resolve LWG 3400⁽ⁱ⁾ together.

Proposed resolution:

This wording is relative to N4971.

Modify 21.3.8 [meta.rel] as indicated:
Table 49 — Type relationship predicates [tab:meta.rel] Template Condition Comments […] […] […]
```
template<class From, class To>
struct is_convertible;
```
see below From and To shall be
complete types, cv void, or arrays of
unknown bound.
```
template<class From, class To>
struct is_nothrow_convertible;
```
is_convertible_v<From, To> is true and the
conversion, as defined by
is_convertible, is known
not to throw any exceptions
either both From and To
are cv void, or the function call
expression used for specifying is_convertible
is non-throwing (7.6.2.7 [expr.unary.noexcept]) From and To shall be
complete types, cv void, or arrays of
unknown bound. […] […] […]
-5- The predicate condition for a template specialization is_convertible<From, To> shall be satisfied if and only if the return expression in the following code would be well-formed, including any implicit conversions to the return type of the function:
```
To test() {
  return declval<From>();
}
```
1. (?.1) — either both From and To are cv void, or
2. (?.2) — To is neither array nor function type and the function call expression conv-dest(declval<From>()) would be well-formed when treated as an unevaluated operand, where conv-dest is a hypothetical function declared as
```
void conv-dest(To) noexcept;
```
  .
[Note 2: This requirement gives well-defined results for reference types, array types, function types, and cv void. — end note] Access checking is performed in a context unrelated to To and From. Only the validity of the immediate context of the expression of the return statement (8.8.4 [stmt.return]) function call expression (7.6.1.3 [expr.call]) (including initialization of the returned parameter object or reference) is considered.

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