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Showing content from https://cplusplus.com/reference/valarray/acos/ below:

function template

std::acos

template<class T> valarray<T> acos (const valarray<T>& x);

Compute arc cosine of valarray elements

Returns a valarray containing the principal values of the arc cosine of all the elements of x, expressed in radians, in the same order.

The function calls acos (unqualified) once for each element.

This function overloads cmath's acos.

Parameters

x: valarray containing elements of a type for which the unary function acos is defined.

Return value A valarray object with the arc cosine values of the elements of x.

Example

// acos valarray example
#include <iostream>     // std::cout
#include <cstddef>      // std::size_t
#include <cmath>        // std::acos(double)
#include <valarray>     // std::valarray, std::acos(valarray)

int main ()
{
  double val[] = {0.0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0};
  std::valarray<double> foo (val,5);

  std::valarray<double> bar = acos (foo);

  std::cout << "foo:";
  for (std::size_t i=0; i<foo.size(); ++i)
    std::cout << ' ' << foo[i];
  std::cout << '\n';

  std::cout << "bar:";
  for (std::size_t i=0; i<bar.size(); ++i)
    std::cout << ' ' << bar[i];
  std::cout << '\n';

  return 0;
}

Output:

foo: 0 0.25 0.5 0.75 1
bar: 1.5708 1.31812 1.0472 0.722734 0