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Showing content from https://cplusplus.com/reference/string/basic_string/assign/ below:

public member function

std::basic_string::assign string (1)

basic_string& assign (const basic_string& str);

substring (2)

basic_string& assign (const basic_string& str, size_type subpos, size_type sublen);

c-string (3)

basic_string& assign (const charT* s);

buffer (4)

basic_string& assign (const charT* s, size_type n);

fill (5)

basic_string& assign (size_type n, charT c);

range (6)

template <class InputIterator>   basic_string& assign (InputIterator first, InputIterator last);

string (1)

basic_string& assign (const basic_string& str);

substring (2)

basic_string& assign (const basic_string& str, size_type subpos, size_type sublen);

c-string (3)

basic_string& assign (const charT* s);

buffer (4)

basic_string& assign (const charT* s, size_type n);

fill (5)

basic_string& assign (size_type n, charT c);

range (6)

template <class InputIterator>   basic_string& assign (InputIterator first, InputIterator last);

initializer list(7)

basic_string& assign (initializer_list<charT> il);

move (8)

basic_string& assign (basic_string&& str) noexcept;

string (1)

basic_string& assign (const basic_string& str);

substring (2)

basic_string& assign (const basic_string& str, size_type subpos, size_type sublen = npos);

c-string (3)

basic_string& assign (const charT* s);

buffer (4)

basic_string& assign (const charT* s, size_type n);

fill (5)

basic_string& assign (size_type n, charT c);

range (6)

template <class InputIterator>   basic_string& assign (InputIterator first, InputIterator last);

initializer list(7)

basic_string& assign (initializer_list<charT> il);

move (8)

basic_string& assign (basic_string&& str) noexcept;

Assign content to string

Assigns a new value to the string, replacing its current contents.

(1) string: Copies str.
(2) substring: Copies the portion of str that begins at the character position subpos and spans sublen characters (or until the end of str, if either str is too short or if sublen is basic_string::npos).
(3) c-string: Copies the null-terminated character sequence (C-string) pointed by s.
The length is determined by calling traits_type::length(s).
(4) buffer: Copies the first n characters from the array of characters pointed by s.
(5) fill: Replaces the current value by n consecutive copies of character c.
(6) range: Copies the sequence of characters in the range [first,last), in the same order.
(7) initializer list: Copies each of the characters in il, in the same order.
(8) move: Acquires the contents of str.
str is left in an unspecified but valid state.

Parameters

str: Another basic_string object of the same type (with the same class template arguments charT, traits and Alloc), whose value is either copied or moved.
subpos: Position of the first character in str that is copied to the object as a substring.
If this is greater than str's length, it throws out_of_range.
Note: The first character in str is denoted by a value of 0 (not 1).
sublen: Length of the substring to be copied (if the string is shorter, as many characters as possible are copied).
A value of basic_string::npos indicates all characters until the end of str.
s: Pointer to an array of characters (such as a c-string).
n: Number of characters to copy.
c: Character value, repeated n times.
first, last: Input iterators to the initial and final positions in a range. The range used is [first,last), which includes all the characters between first and last, including the character pointed by first but not the character pointed by last.
The function template argument InputIterator shall be an input iterator type that points to elements of a type convertible to charT.
If InputIterator is an integral type, the arguments are casted to the proper types so that signature (5) is used instead.
il: An initializer_list object.
These objects are automatically constructed from initializer list declarators.

charT is basic_string's character type (i.e., its first template parameter).
Member type size_type is an unsigned integral type.

Return Value*this
Example

// string::assign
#include <iostream>
#include <string>

int main ()
{
  std::string str;
  std::string base="The quick brown fox jumps over a lazy dog.";

  // used in the same order as described above:

  str.assign(base);
  std::cout << str << '\n';

  str.assign(base,10,9);
  std::cout << str << '\n';         // "brown fox"

  str.assign("pangrams are cool",7);
  std::cout << str << '\n';         // "pangram"

  str.assign("c-string");
  std::cout << str << '\n';         // "c-string"

  str.assign(10,'*');
  std::cout << str << '\n';         // "**********"

  str.assign<int>(10,0x2D);
  std::cout << str << '\n';         // "----------"

  str.assign(base.begin()+16,base.end()-12);
  std::cout << str << '\n';         // "fox jumps over"

  return 0;
}

Output:

The quick brown fox jumps over a lazy dog.
brown fox
pangram
c-string
**********
----------
fox jumps over

Complexity

Unspecified.

Unspecified, but generally linear in the new

string length

(and constant for the

move version

Iterator validity Any iterators, pointers and references related to this object may be invalidated.

Data races The object is modified.
The move assign form (8), modifies str.

Exception safety For the move assign (8), the function does not throw exceptions (no-throw guarantee).
In all other cases, there are no effects in case an exception is thrown (strong guarantee).

If s does not point to an array long enough, or if the range specified by [first,last) is not valid, it causes undefined behavior.

If subpos is greater than str's length, an out_of_range exception is thrown.

If the resulting string length would exceed the max_size, a length_error exception is thrown.
If the type uses the default allocator, a bad_alloc exception is thrown if the function needs to allocate storage and fails.

See also

basic_string::operator=: String assignment (public member function)

basic_string::append: Append to string (public member function)

basic_string::insert: Insert into string (public member function)

basic_string::replace: Replace portion of string (public member function)

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