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Showing content from https://cplusplus.com/reference/locale/codecvt/out/ below:

public member function

<locale>

result out (state_type& state,   const intern_type* from, const intern_type* from_end, const intern_type*& from_next,        extern_type* to, extern_type* to_limit, extern_type*& to_next) const;

Translate out characters

This member function translates from intern type to extern type, which typically is a wide character-to-multibyte conversion (see member in for the inverse operation).

The function stops converting as soon as it fails to convert a character, or once from_end is reached and its character is successfully converted.

The return value, along with the values that from_next and to_next have after the call, can be used to evaluate the success and state of the operation.

Internally, this function simply calls the virtual protected member do_out, which behaves as described above by default.

state

A state object, as required by the facet instantiation.
Typically, this is an object of type mbstate_t, able to keep track of the shift state of a multibyte character conversion.
Member type state_type is the facet's state type (defined as an alias of codecvt's third template parameter, stateT).

from, from_end

Pointer to the initial and final characters of the source sequence. The range used is [from,from_end), which contains all the characters between from and from_end, including the character pointed by from but not the character pointed by from_end.
Note that null characters (if any) are also translated, and the function proceeds beyond them until from_end.
Member type intern_type is the facet's internal character type (defined as an alias of codecvt's first template parameter, internT).

from_next

Pointer able to point to an element in the above range. Once the function returns, this object points to the element in the source range beyond the last one successfully translated.

to, to_limit

Pointer to the initial and final characters of the destination sequence. The range used is, at most, [to,to_limit), which contains all the characters between to and to_limit, including the character pointed by to but not the character pointed by to_limit.
A translation does not necessarily need to fill up the range to its limit, and may also exhaust it before finishing.
No additional null character is automatically appended (other than those translated from the source sequence).
Member type extern_type is the facet's external character type (defined as an alias of codecvt's second template parameter, externT).

to_next

Pointer able to point to an element in the above range. Once the function returns, this object points to the element in the destination range beyond the last one successfully translated.

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// codecvt::out example
#include <iostream>       // std::cout, std::getline, std::wcin
#include <locale>         // std::locale, std::codecvt, std::use_facet
#include <string>         // std::wstring
#include <cwchar>         // std::mbstate_t

int main ()
{
  typedef std::codecvt<wchar_t,char,std::mbstate_t> facet_type;

  std::locale mylocale;

  const facet_type& myfacet = std::use_facet<facet_type>(mylocale);

  std::wstring mywstring;
  std::cout << "Enter sentence: ";
  std::getline (std::wcin,mywstring);

  std::wstring::size_type length = mywstring.length();

  // prepare objects to be filled by codecvt::out :
  char* pstr= new char [length+1];           // the destination buffer (might be too short)
  std::mbstate_t mystate = std::mbstate_t(); // the shift state object
  const wchar_t* pwc;                        // from_next
  char* pc;                                  // to_next

  // call codecvt::out (translate characters):
  facet_type::result myresult = myfacet.out (mystate,
      mywstring.c_str(), mywstring.c_str()+length+1, pwc,
      pstr, pstr+length+1, pc);

  if (myresult==facet_type::ok)
      std::cout << "Translation successful: " << pstr << '\n';

  delete[] pstr;

  return 0;
}

Enter sentence: Test sentence
Translation successful: Test sentence

codecvt::in

Translate in characters (public member function)

codecvt::do_out

Translate out characters [virtual] (protected virtual member function)

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