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Showing content from https://cplusplus.com/reference/ios/basic_ios/setstate/ below:

public member function

<ios> <iostream>

std::basic_ios::setstate 
void setstate (iostate state);

Set error state flag

Modifies the current internal error state flags by combining the current flags with those in argument state (as if performing a bitwise OR operation).

Any error bitflag already set is not cleared. See member clear for a similar function that does.

In the case that no stream buffer is associated with the stream when this function is called, the badbit flag is automatically set (no matter the value for that bit passed in argument state).

Note that changing the state may throw an exception, depending on the latest settings passed to member exceptions.

The current state can be obtained with member function rdstate.

This function behaves as if defined as:


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void basic_ios::setstate (iostate state) {
  clear(rdstate()|state);
}

Parameters
state
An object of type ios_base::iostate that can take as value any combination of the following member constants:

iostate value
(member constants) indicates functions to check state flags good() eof() fail() bad() rdstate() goodbit No errors (zero value iostate) true false false false goodbit eofbit End-of-File reached on input operation false true false false eofbit failbit Logical error on i/o operation false false true false failbit badbit Read/writing error on i/o operation false false true true badbit eofbit, failbit and badbit are member constants with implementation-defined values that can be combined (as if with the bitwise OR operator).


goodbit is zero, indicating that none of the other bits is set.

Return Value none

Data races Modifies the stream object.
Concurrent access to the same stream object may cause data races.

Exception safetyBasic guarantee: if an exception is thrown, the stream is in a valid state.
It throws an exception of member type failure if the resulting error state flag is not goodbit and member exceptions was set throw for that state.

See also
basic_ios::fail
Check whether failbit or badbit is set (public member function)
basic_ios::good
Check whether state of stream is good (public member function)
basic_ios::bad
Check whether badbit is set (public member function)
basic_ios::eof
Check whether eofbit is set (public member function)
basic_ios::rdstate
Get error state flags (public member function)
basic_ios::clear
Set error state flags (public member function)

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