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Showing content from https://cplusplus.com/reference/ios/basic_ios/rdstate/ below:

public member function

<ios> <iostream>

std::basic_ios::rdstate

Get error state flags

Returns the current internal error state flags of the stream.

The internal error state flags are automatically set by calls to input/output functions on the stream to signal certain errors.



Parameters none

Return Value An object of type ios_base::iostate that can contain any combination of the following state flag member constants:

iostate value
(member constants) indicates functions to check state flags good() eof() fail() bad() rdstate() goodbit No errors (zero value iostate) true false false false goodbit eofbit End-of-File reached on input operation false true false false eofbit failbit Logical error on i/o operation false false true false failbit badbit Read/writing error on i/o operation false false true true badbit eofbit, failbit and badbit are member constants with implementation-defined values that can be combined (as if with the bitwise OR operator).


goodbit is zero, indicating that none of the other bits is set.

Example 
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// getting the state of stream objects
#include <iostream>     // std::cerr
#include <fstream>      // std::ifstream

int main () {
  std::ifstream is;
  is.open ("test.txt");
  if ( (is.rdstate() & std::ifstream::failbit ) != 0 )
    std::cerr << "Error opening 'test.txt'\n";
  return 0;
}

Data races Accesses the stream object.
Concurrent access to the same stream object may cause data races.

Exception safetyStrong guarantee: if an exception is thrown, there are no changes in the stream.

See also
basic_ios::fail
Check whether failbit or badbit is set (public member function)
basic_ios::good
Check whether state of stream is good (public member function)
basic_ios::bad
Check whether badbit is set (public member function)
basic_ios::eof
Check whether eofbit is set (public member function)
basic_ios::clear
Set error state flags (public member function)

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