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Showing content from https://cplusplus.com/reference/functional/negate/ below:

class template

<functional>

template <class T> struct negate;

Negative function object class

Negating a value returns the same value with the opposite sign.

Generically, function objects are instances of a class with member function operator() defined. This member function allows the object to be used with the same syntax as a function call.

It is defined with the same behavior as:

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template <class T> struct negate : unary_function <T,T> {
  T operator() (const T& x) const {return -x;}
};

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template <class T> struct negate {
  T operator() (const T& x) const {return -x;}
  typedef T argument_type;
  typedef T result_type;
};

T

Type of the argument and return type of the functional call.
The type shall support the operation (unary operator-).

T operator() (const T& x)

Member function returning the negation of its argument (-x).

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// negate example
#include <iostream>     // std::cout
#include <functional>   // std::negate
#include <algorithm>    // std::transform

int main () {
  int numbers[]={10,-20,30,-40,50};
  std::transform (numbers, numbers+5, numbers, std::negate<int>());
  for (int i=0; i<5; i++)
    std::cout << numbers[i] << ' ';
  std::cout << '\n';
  return 0;
}

plus

Addition function object class (class template)

minus

Subtraction function object class (class template)

multiplies

Multiplication function object class (class template)

divides

Division function object class (class template)

modulus

Modulus function object class (class template)

equal_to

Function object class for equality comparison (class template)

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