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Showing content from https://cplusplus.com/reference/cmath/log10/ below:

function

log10

     double log10  (double x);      float log10f (float x);long double log10l (long double x);

     double log10 (double x);      float log10 (float x);long double log10 (long double x);

     double log10 (double x);      float log10 (float x);long double log10 (long double x);     double log10 (T x);           // additional overloads for integral types

Compute common logarithm

Returns the common (base-10) logarithm of x.

Header

<tgmath.h>

provides a type-generic macro version of this function.

Parameters

x: Value whose logarithm is calculated.
If the argument is negative, a domain error occurs.

Return Value Common logarithm of x.
If x is negative, it causes a domain error.
If x is zero, it may cause a pole error (depending on the library implementation).

If a

domain error

occurs, the global variable

errno

is set to

EDOM

If a

pole error

occurs, the global variable

errno

is set

ERANGE

Example

/* log10 example */
#include <stdio.h>      /* printf */
#include <math.h>       /* log10 */

int main ()
{
  double param, result;
  param = 1000.0;
  result = log10 (param);
  printf ("log10(%f) = %f\n", param, result );
  return 0;
}

Output:

log10(1000.000000) = 3.000000