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Showing content from https://cplusplus.com/reference/array/array/back/ below:

public member function

<array>

      reference back();const_reference back() const;

Access last element

Unlike member array::end, which returns an iterator just past this element, this function returns a direct reference.

Calling this function on an empty container causes undefined behavior.

If the array object is const-qualified, the function returns a const_reference. Otherwise, it returns a reference.

Member types reference and const_reference are the reference types to the elements of the array (see array member types).

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// array::back
#include <iostream>
#include <array>

int main ()
{
  std::array<int,3> myarray = {5, 19, 77};

  std::cout << "front is: " << myarray.front() << std::endl;   // 5
  std::cout << "back is: " << myarray.back() << std::endl;     // 77

  myarray.back() = 50;

  std::cout << "myarray now contains:";
  for ( int& x : myarray ) std::cout << ' ' << x;
  std::cout << '\n';

  return 0;
}

front is: 5
back is: 77
myarray now contains: 5 19 50

array::front

Access first element (public member function)

array::at

Access element (public member function)

array::operator[]

Access element (public member function)

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