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Showing content from https://cplusplus.com/exit below:

function

exit

[[noreturn]] void exit (int status);

Terminate calling process

Terminates the process normally, performing the regular cleanup for terminating programs.

Normal program termination performs the following (in the same order):

Objects associated with the current thread with thread storage duration are destroyed (C++11 only).
Objects with static storage duration are destroyed (C++) and functions registered with atexit are called.
All C streams (open with functions in <cstdio>) are closed (and flushed, if buffered), and all files created with tmpfile are removed.
Control is returned to the host environment.

Note that objects with automatic storage are not destroyed by calling exit (C++).

If status is zero or EXIT_SUCCESS, a successful termination status is returned to the host environment.

If status is EXIT_FAILURE, an unsuccessful termination status is returned to the host environment.
Otherwise, the status returned depends on the system and library implementation.

For a similar function that does not perform the cleanup described above, see quick_exit.

Parameters

status: Status code.
If this is 0 or EXIT_SUCCESS, it indicates success.
If it is EXIT_FAILURE, it indicates failure.

Return Value none (the function never returns).

Example

/* exit example */
#include <stdio.h>      /* printf, fopen */
#include <stdlib.h>     /* exit, EXIT_FAILURE */

int main ()
{
  FILE * pFile;
  pFile = fopen ("myfile.txt","r");
  if (pFile==NULL)
  {
    printf ("Error opening file");
    exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
  }
  else
  {
    /* file operations here */
  }
  return 0;
}

Data races Calling this function destroys all objects with static duration: A program with multiple threads running shall not call exit (see quick_exit for a similar function that does not affect static objects).

Exceptions (C++)No-throw guarantee: this function never throws exceptions.

If the program termination process described above throws an exception, terminate is automatically called.