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Tensor Processing Units (TPUs) | Google Cloud

Cloud Tensor Processing Units (TPUs)

Accelerate AI development with Google Cloud TPUs

Cloud TPUs optimize performance and cost for all AI workloads, from training to inference. Using world-class data center infrastructure, TPUs offer high reliability, availability, and security.

Not sure if TPUs are the right fit? Learn about when to use GPUs or CPUs on Compute Engine instances to run your machine learning workloads.

Overview

What is a Tensor Processing Unit (TPU)?

Google Cloud TPUs are custom-designed AI accelerators, which are optimized for training and inference of AI models. They are ideal for a variety of use cases, such as agents, code generation, media content generation, synthetic speech, vision services, recommendation engines, and personalization models, among others. TPUs power Gemini, and all of Google’s AI powered applications like Search, Photos, and Maps, all serving over 1 Billion users.

What are the advantages of Cloud TPUs?

Cloud TPUs are designed to scale cost-efficiently for a wide range of AI workloads, spanning training, fine-tuning, and inference. Cloud TPUs provide the versatility to accelerate workloads on leading AI frameworks, including PyTorch, JAX, and TensorFlow. Seamlessly orchestrate large-scale AI workloads through Cloud TPU integration in Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE). Leverage Dynamic Workload Scheduler to improve the scalability of workloads by scheduling all accelerators needed simultaneously. Customers looking for the simplest way to develop AI models can also leverage Cloud TPUs in Vertex AI, a fully-managed AI platform.

When to use Cloud TPUs?

Cloud TPUs are optimized for training large and complex deep learning models that feature many matrix calculations, for instance building large language models (LLMs). Cloud TPUs also have SparseCores, which are dataflow processors that accelerate models relying on embeddings found in recommendation models. Other use cases include healthcare, like protein folding modeling and drug discovery.

How are Cloud TPUs different from GPUs?

A GPU is a specialized processor originally designed for manipulating computer graphics. Their parallel structure makes them ideal for algorithms that process large blocks of data commonly found in AI workloads. Learn more.

A TPU is an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) designed by Google for neural networks. TPUs possess specialized features, such as the matrix multiply unit (MXU) and proprietary interconnect topology that make them ideal for accelerating AI training and inference.

Cloud TPU versions

Cloud TPU version Description Availability

Trillium

The most advanced Cloud TPU to date

Trillium is generally available in North America (US East region), Europe (West region), and Asia (Northeast region)

Cloud TPU v5p

The most powerful Cloud TPU for training AI models

Cloud TPU v5p is generally available in North America (US East region)

Cloud TPU v5e

A versatile Cloud TPU for training and inference needs

Cloud TPU v5e is generally available in North America (US Central/East/South/ West regions), Europe (West region), and Asia (Southeast region)

Description

The most advanced Cloud TPU to date

Availability

Trillium is generally available in North America (US East region), Europe (West region), and Asia (Northeast region)

Description

The most powerful Cloud TPU for training AI models

Availability

Cloud TPU v5p is generally available in North America (US East region)

Description

A versatile Cloud TPU for training and inference needs

Availability

Cloud TPU v5e is generally available in North America (US Central/East/South/ West regions), Europe (West region), and Asia (Southeast region)

How It Works

Get an inside look at the magic of Google Cloud TPUs, including a rare inside view of the data centers where it all happens. Customers use Cloud TPUs to run some of the world's largest AI workloads and that power comes from much more than just a chip. In this video, take a look at the components of the TPU system, including data center networking, optical circuit switches, water cooling systems, biometric security verification and more.

Common Uses

Run large-scale AI training workloads How-tos Additional resources

How to Scale Your Model

Training LLMs often feels like alchemy, but understanding and optimizing the performance of your models doesn't have to. This book aims to demystify the science of scaling language models on TPUs: how TPUs work and how they communicate with each other, how LLMs run on real hardware, and how to parallelize your models during training and inference so they run efficiently at massive scale.

Powerful, scalable, and efficient AI training

How-tos

How to Scale Your Model

Training LLMs often feels like alchemy, but understanding and optimizing the performance of your models doesn't have to. This book aims to demystify the science of scaling language models on TPUs: how TPUs work and how they communicate with each other, how LLMs run on real hardware, and how to parallelize your models during training and inference so they run efficiently at massive scale.

Additional resources

Powerful, scalable, and efficient AI training

Fine-tune foundational AI models Additional resources

Adapt LLMs for your applications with Pytorch/XLA

Efficiently fine-tune foundation models by leveraging your own training data that represents your use case. Cloud TPU v5e provides up to 1.9x higher LLM fine-tuning performance per dollar compared to Cloud TPU v4.

Additional resources

Adapt LLMs for your applications with Pytorch/XLA

Efficiently fine-tune foundation models by leveraging your own training data that represents your use case. Cloud TPU v5e provides up to 1.9x higher LLM fine-tuning performance per dollar compared to Cloud TPU v4.

Serve large-scale AI inference workloads How-tos Additional resources

High-performance, scalable, cost-efficient inference

Accelerate AI Inference with JetStream and MaxDiffusion. JetStream is a new inference engine specifically designed for Large Language Model (LLM) inference. JetStream represents a significant leap forward in both performance and cost efficiency, offering unparalleled throughput and latency for LLM inference on Cloud TPUs. MaxDiffusion is a set of diffusion model implementations optimized for Cloud TPUs, making it easy to run inference for diffusion models on Cloud TPUs with high performance.

Maximize performance/$ with AI infrastructure that scales

Cloud TPU v5e enables high-performance and cost-effective inference for a wide range of AI workloads, including the latest LLMs and Gen AI models. TPU v5e delivers up to 2.5x more throughput performance per dollar and up to 1.7x speedup over Cloud TPU v4. Each TPU v5e chip provides up to 393 trillion int8 operations per second, allowing complex models to make fast predictions. A TPU v5e pod delivers up to 100 quadrillion int8 operations per second, or 100 petaOps of compute power.

Learn more about inference on TPU v5e How-tos

High-performance, scalable, cost-efficient inference

Accelerate AI Inference with JetStream and MaxDiffusion. JetStream is a new inference engine specifically designed for Large Language Model (LLM) inference. JetStream represents a significant leap forward in both performance and cost efficiency, offering unparalleled throughput and latency for LLM inference on Cloud TPUs. MaxDiffusion is a set of diffusion model implementations optimized for Cloud TPUs, making it easy to run inference for diffusion models on Cloud TPUs with high performance.

Additional resources

Maximize performance/$ with AI infrastructure that scales

Cloud TPU v5e enables high-performance and cost-effective inference for a wide range of AI workloads, including the latest LLMs and Gen AI models. TPU v5e delivers up to 2.5x more throughput performance per dollar and up to 1.7x speedup over Cloud TPU v4. Each TPU v5e chip provides up to 393 trillion int8 operations per second, allowing complex models to make fast predictions. A TPU v5e pod delivers up to 100 quadrillion int8 operations per second, or 100 petaOps of compute power.

Learn more about inference on TPU v5e Cloud TPU in GKE How-tos Additional resources

Run optimized AI workloads with platform orchestration

A robust AI/ML platform considers the following layers: (i) Infrastructure orchestration that support GPUs for training and serving workloads at scale, (ii) Flexible integration with distributed computing and data processing frameworks, and (iii) Support for multiple teams on the same infrastructure to maximize utilization of resources.

Learn more about AI/ML orchestration on GKE

Effortless scaling with GKE

Combine the power of Cloud TPUs with the flexibility and scalability of GKE to build and deploy machine learning models faster and more easily than ever before. With Cloud TPUs available in GKE, you can now have a single consistent operations environment for all your workloads, standardizing automated MLOps pipelines.

How-tos

Run optimized AI workloads with platform orchestration

A robust AI/ML platform considers the following layers: (i) Infrastructure orchestration that support GPUs for training and serving workloads at scale, (ii) Flexible integration with distributed computing and data processing frameworks, and (iii) Support for multiple teams on the same infrastructure to maximize utilization of resources.

Learn more about AI/ML orchestration on GKE Additional resources

Effortless scaling with GKE

Combine the power of Cloud TPUs with the flexibility and scalability of GKE to build and deploy machine learning models faster and more easily than ever before. With Cloud TPUs available in GKE, you can now have a single consistent operations environment for all your workloads, standardizing automated MLOps pipelines.

Cloud TPU in Vertex AI Additional resources

Vertex AI training and predictions with Cloud TPUs

For customers looking for a simplest way to develop AI models, you can deploy Cloud TPU v5e with Vertex AI, an end-to-end platform for building AI models on fully-managed infrastructure that’s purpose-built for low-latency serving and high-performance training.

Additional resources

Vertex AI training and predictions with Cloud TPUs

For customers looking for a simplest way to develop AI models, you can deploy Cloud TPU v5e with Vertex AI, an end-to-end platform for building AI models on fully-managed infrastructure that’s purpose-built for low-latency serving and high-performance training.

Generate a solution

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What you'll get:

check_smallStep-by-step guide

check_smallReference architecture

check_smallAvailable pre-built solutions

This service was built with

Vertex AI

. You must be 18 or older to use it. Do not enter sensitive, confidential, or personal info.

Generate a solution

What problem are you trying to solve?

What you'll get:

check_smallStep-by-step guide

check_smallReference architecture

check_smallAvailable pre-built solutions

This service was built with

Vertex AI

. You must be 18 or older to use it. Do not enter sensitive, confidential, or personal info.

Pricing

Cloud TPU pricing All Cloud TPU pricing is per chip-hour Cloud TPU Version Evaluation Price (USD) 1-year commitment (USD) 3-year commitment (USD)

Trillium

Starting at

$2.7000

per chip-hour

Starting at

$1.8900

per chip-hour

Starting at

$1.2200

per chip-hour

Cloud TPU v5p

Starting at

$4.2000

per chip-hour

Starting at

$2.9400

per chip-hour

Starting at

$1.8900

per chip-hour

Cloud TPU v5e

Starting at

$1.2000

per chip-hour

Starting at

$0.8400

per chip-hour

Starting at

$0.5400

per chip-hour

Cloud TPU pricing

All Cloud TPU pricing is per chip-hour

Evaluation Price (USD)

Starting at

$2.7000

per chip-hour

1-year commitment (USD)

Starting at

$1.8900

per chip-hour

3-year commitment (USD)

Starting at

$1.2200

per chip-hour

Evaluation Price (USD)

Starting at

$4.2000

per chip-hour

1-year commitment (USD)

Starting at

$2.9400

per chip-hour

3-year commitment (USD)

Starting at

$1.8900

per chip-hour

Evaluation Price (USD)

Starting at

$1.2000

per chip-hour

1-year commitment (USD)

Starting at

$0.8400

per chip-hour

3-year commitment (USD)

Starting at

$0.5400

per chip-hour

PRICING CALCULATOR

Estimate your monthly Cloud TPU costs, including region specific pricing and fees.

CUSTOM QUOTE

Connect with our sales team to get a custom quote for your organization.

Start your proof of concept

Get a quick intro to using Cloud TPUs

Run TensorFlow on Cloud TPU VM

Run PyTorch on Cloud TPU VM


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