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This page summarizes the Cloud SQL Language Connectors and how to use them with your instances.
Cloud SQL Language Connectors are libraries that provide encryption and IAM authorization when connecting to a Cloud SQL instance. Cloud SQL Language Connectors create authorized connections to the proxy-side server on behalf of a user's application and pass that connection to the application's database driver. They don't provide a network path to a Cloud SQL instance if one is not already present.
Cloud SQL Language Connectors use a client-side component to connect to a proxy server on the Cloud SQL instance. The connector creates a temporary certificate that authorizes the holder to connect to the server-side proxy. The server-side proxy limits access to the Cloud SQL database by requiring a valid TLS certificate in order to connect.
Cloud SQL supports the following Cloud SQL Language Connectors:
Cloud SQL recommends using Cloud SQL Language Connectors to connect to your Cloud SQL instance. You can also connect to a Cloud SQL instance using a database client or the Cloud SQL Auth Proxy. For more information about connecting to a Cloud SQL instance, see About connection options.
RequirementsIf your Cloud SQL instance uses shared certificate authority (CA) as its serverCaMode, then on the client side, make sure that the Cloud SQL Language Connectors you're using meet the following version requirements:
If your Cloud SQL instance uses customer-managed CA as its serverCaMode, then on the client side, make sure that the Cloud SQL Language Connectors you're using meet the following version requirements:
When an instance uses customer-managed CA as its server CA mode, you can configure the instance with a custom DNS name. You provide the custom DNS name in the custom subject alternative name (SAN) field of the server certificate.
After you set up a custom DNS name for the instance, you can connect to the instance from Cloud SQL Language Connectors using the DNS name.
Benefits of Cloud SQL Language ConnectorsCloud SQL Language Connectors provide the following benefits with connecting to a Cloud SQL instance:
You can't use the Cloud SQL Language Connectors if you're using context-aware access and IAM database authentication. When you try to login to the instance, IAM authentication fails.
Enforce the use of Cloud SQL Language ConnectorsBy using connector enforcement, you can enforce using only the Cloud SQL Auth Proxy or Cloud SQL Language Connectors to connect to Cloud SQL instances. With connector enforcement, Cloud SQL rejects direct connections to the database.
If you're using a Private Service Connect-enabled instance, then there's a limitation. If the instance has connector enforcement enabled, then you can't create read replicas for the instance. Similarly, if the instance has read replicas, then you can't enable connector enforcement for the instance.
For more information about how to enforce using only the Cloud SQL Auth Proxy or Cloud SQL Language Connectors to connect to an instance, see Connect using Cloud SQL Language Connectors.
What's nextExcept as otherwise noted, the content of this page is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License, and code samples are licensed under the Apache 2.0 License. For details, see the Google Developers Site Policies. Java is a registered trademark of Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Last updated 2025-07-02 UTC.
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