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Cloud SQL for MySQL error messages

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This page discusses some of the error messages encountered in Cloud SQL.

Error messages in Cloud SQL come from many sources and appear in many places. Some error messages come from the database engines themselves, some from the Cloud SQL service, some from client applications, and some are returned by calls to the Cloud SQL Admin API.

This page includes some of the most common errors seen in Cloud SQL. If you do not find the error code or message you are looking for here, you can look for source reference material here:

• MySQL error reference pages

If you don't find the reference material for the error message that you're seeing, you can also search in some of these places where other users may have relevant experience:

• Cloud SQL questions on Stack Overflow
• Public issue tracker for Cloud SQL
• DBA Stack Exchange
• Cloud SQL discuss group
• Google Cloud Slack community
• Google Cloud on Reddit

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Check for the following conditions:

• The application did not call mysql_close() before exiting.
• Communication errors.
• The application might have been sleeping more than the number of seconds specified in `wait_timeout` or `interactive_timeout` without issuing any requests to the server. See Section 5.1.7, Server System Variables.
• The application ended abruptly in the middle of a data transfer.
• The max_allowed_packet variable value might be too small or queries require more memory than the allocated for mysqld. This can be resolved by raising the max_allowed_packet flag to a much larger number.

Update the definer in the external databases, for example from root@localhost to root@% or a non-superuser. See Stored Object Access Control for more information.

• The username (or password) is incorrect.
• The user is connecting from a URL other than @XXX.
• The user doesn't have the correct privileges for the database they're trying to connect to.

Try these things ...

• Verify the username and corresponding password.
• Check the origin of the connection to see if it matches the URL where the user has access privileges.
• Check the user's grant privileges in the database.

You need to modify the private connection. Use the following command, and make sure to use the --force argument:

gcloud services vpc-peerings update \
--network=VPC_NETWORK \
--ranges=ALLOCATED_RANGES \
--service=servicenetworking.googleapis.com \
--force

Try this:

1. Connect to the database (for example, using Cloud Shell) and login as root.
2. Execute USE mysql;.
3. Grant the following permissions using the syntax:

   GRANT PERMISSION_1,PERMISSION_2 ON *.* TO 'root' WITH GRANT OPTION;
      

   • SELECT
   • INSERT
   • UPDATE
   • DELETE
   • CREATE
   • DROP
   • RELOAD
   • SHUTDOWN
   • PROCESS
   • REFERENCES
   • INDEX
   • ALTER
   • SHOW DATABASES
   • CREATE TEMPORARY TABLES
   • LOCK TABLES
   • EXECUTE
   • REPLICATION SLAVE
   • REPLICATION CLIENT
   • CREATE VIEW
   • SHOW VIEW
   • CREATE ROUTINE
   • ALTER ROUTINE
   • CREATE USER
   • EVENT
   • TRIGGER
   • CREATE TABLESPACE
4. Execute USE 'Database_Name'; where Database_Name is the database where you're creating the views.
5. Execute all create views in the session and commit.

For Illegal Argument, check the request to make sure each argument is permissible and each value for the argument is valid. For all other causes, check the log files to see if there is more information there.

You need to modify the private connection. Use the following command, and make sure to use the --force argument:

gcloud services vpc-peerings update \
--network=VPC_NETWORK \
--ranges=ALLOCATED_RANGES \
--service=servicenetworking.googleapis.com \
--force

Remove all Authorized Networks entries from the Cloud SQL instance if you can. Otherwise, create a replica without any Authorized Networks entries.

Edit the primary instance to upgrade it to a larger disk size.

Couldn't find free blocks in allocated IP ranges. Please allocate new ranges for this service provider.

There are no more available addresses in the allocated IP range.

Consider these possible scenarios:

• The size of the allocated IP range for the private service connection is smaller than /24.
• The size of the allocated IP range for the private service connection is too small for the number of Cloud SQL instances.
• The requirement on the size of allocated IP range will be larger if instances are created in multiple regions. See allocated range size

For each of the above scenarios, you can elect to either expand the existing or allocate an additional IP range to the private service connection.

If you're allocating a new range, take care to not create an allocation that overlaps with any existing allocations.

After creating a new IP range, update the VPC peering with the following command:

gcloud services vpc-peerings update \
--service=servicenetworking.googleapis.com
--ranges=OLD_RESERVED_RANGE_NAME,NEW_RESERVED_RANGE_NAME \
--network=VPC_NETWORK
--project=PROJECT_ID \
--force

If you're expanding an existing allocation, take care to only increase the allocation range and not decrease it. For example, if the original allocation was 10.0.10.0/24, make the new allocation at least 10.0.10.0/23.

In general, if starting from a /24 allocation, decrementing the /mask by 1 for each condition (additional instance type group, additional region) is a good rule of thumb. For example, if trying to create both instance type groups on the same allocation, going from /24 to /23 is enough.

After expanding an existing IP range, update the vpc peering with following command:

gcloud services vpc-peerings update \
--service=servicenetworking.googleapis.com
--ranges=RESERVED_RANGE_NAME \
--network=VPC_NETWORK \
--project=PROJECT_ID \
--force

Connecting from Cloud Shell to an instance with only a private IP address isn't currently supported.

Use mysqldump with the max_allowed_packet option.

To learn more about using mysqldump flags for managed import migration, see Allowed and default initial sync flags

Check that your OS and file system support files of this size. Check that the disk isn't full or out of disk quota. You can request an increase to your quotas from the Google Cloud console or edit the instance to upgrade it to a larger disk size.

To repair service permissions, disable the Service Networking API, wait five minutes and then re-enable it.

Enable the Service Networking API in your project. If you see this error when you're trying to assign a private IP address to a Cloud SQL instance, and you're using a Shared VPC, you also need to enable the Service Networking API for the host project.

Find the process that locked the table and stop it:

1. Diagnose with: sql> show processlist;

   The first item in the list might be the one holding the lock, which the following items are waiting on.

2. The SHOW INNODB STATUS command can also be helpful.
3. Run the command KILL <var>PID</var>.

Enable the Service Networking API in your project. If you see this error when you're trying to assign a private IP address to a Cloud SQL instance, and you're using a Shared VPC, you also need to enable the Service Networking API for the host project.

Wait for the previous operation to finish before beginning another.

Edit the target instance to increase its storage size.

Request an increase to your quotas from the Google Cloud console.

Increase the value of the max_connections flag. See Configuring database flags.

Verify that you have a valid service account key JSON file in the location stored in the GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS environment variable and that the variable points to the correct location.

Set the innodb_large_prefix flag to ON when creating the replica or update the existing replica with the flag.

Create a new server certificate and rotate.

• The user might not have all the Cloud Storage permissions it needs.
• The database table might not exist.

Try these things ...

• Check that you have at least WRITER permissions on the bucket and READER permissions on the export file. For more information on configuring access control in Cloud Storage, see Create and Manage Access Control Lists
• Ensure the table exists. If the table does exist, confirm that you have the correct permissions on the storage bucket.

The dump transaction can fail if you use the following statements during the export operation:

• ALTER TABLE
• CREATE TABLE
• DROP TABLE
• RENAME TABLE
• TRUNCATE TABLE

Remove any of these statements from the dump operation.

[Warning] InnoDB: Load table db.table failed, the table has missing
foreign key indexes. Turn off 'foreign_key_checks' and try again.
[Warning] InnoDB: Cannot open table db/table from the internal data
dictionary of InnoDB though the .frm file for the table exists.
See InnoDB troubleshooting
for more information.
      

After a database restart, MySQL needs to load table(s) into the InnoDB dictionary cache on first access. If it detects the discrepancy, it blocks the access to that table.

mysql> select * from db.table;
ERROR 1146 (42S02): Table db.table doesn't exist
      

Turning off foreign_key_checks for the MySQL session allows access to the table again. Once the table is accessed and loaded into the dictionary cache, InnoDB doesn't check and complain about a foreign key mismatch until the next database restart

The foreign key mismatch should be fixed to avoid any further issues.

1. Disable the foreign_key_checks for the mysql client session and access the table.

   mysql> SET SESSION FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;
               

2. Inspect the parent and child tables and identify the mismatches between the foreign key and referenced key columns.

   mysql> SHOW CREATE TABLE parent_table;
   mysql> SHOW CREATE TABLE child_table;
               

   Verify the corresponding columns have similar data types. The size and sign of fixed precision types such as INTEGER and DECIMAL are the same. For nonbinary (character) string columns, the character set and collation must be the same.

3. Fix the mismatch by using the ALTER TABLE statement. Some operations may require you to drop the foreign key constraint first, apply the change, then add the foreign key back.
4. Re-enable foreign_key_checks again.

   mysql> SET SESSION FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=1;
               

Use the CSV format and run multiple, smaller export jobs to reduce the size and length of each operation.

Lower the max_connections flag value, or contact customer support to request a flag removal followed by a hard drain. This forces the instance to restart on a different host with a fresh configuration, without the flag or setting.

• At the database level, the database user must exist and its password match
• At the project level, the user might not have the correct IAM permissions, including the serviceusage.services.use or cloudsql.instances.connect permissions.
• At the network level, if the Cloud SQL instance is using public IP the connection's source IP must be in an authorized network.

Try these things ...

• Ensure the user exists and its password matches.
• Assign the Service Usage Consumer role to the user account. This role includes the permission serviceusage.services.use.
• If using public IP, ensure the source IP is in an authorized network.

If you dump data from a MySQL 5.7 database and import to a MySQL 8.0 database, make sure to use the mysqldump binary from MySQL 5.7. If you use the mysqldump binary from MySQL 8.0, you need to add the --column-statistics=0 flag.

The following table shows some known cases where an Unknown Error can occur, and lists specific remedies where applicable. However, this is not a complete list. If you don't find your case in the table, check with the public issue tracker for Cloud SQL. If you don't find the issue there, consider submitting a report, or reviewing other support options.

• This can occur when you are trying to re-use the same name as a recently-deleted instance.
• It can also be caused by intermittent connectivity issues.
• The logs might show that the Service Networking API is not enabled for the project.
• The error has also been seen when trying to create multiple instances in parallel. For example, Terraform scripts make this attempt possible.
• Another cause can be that a specific resource is exhausted or a quota limit has been exceeded. Look in the logs for an entry like Quota 'INTERNAL_FORWARDING_RULES_WITH_TARGET_INSTANCE_PER_NETWORK' exceeded. Limit: 100.0 globally
• This error can occur if subnet creation fails when there are no more available addresses in the IP range.

• Instance names cannot be re-used until about a week after deletion.
• In the case of intermittent connectivity issues, the only remedy is to try again.
• Enable the Service Networking API for the project.
• Parallel instance creation scripts will only succeed in creating one of the instances. Modify the script to wait until each instance create operation is complete before continuing to the next one.
• Allocate new ranges.

If the error is set Service Networking service account as servicenetworking.serviceAgent role on consumer project, disable and re-enable the Service Networking API. This action creates the service account necessary to continue with the process.

If the error is The instance creation failed due to a permission error with the CMEK key defined, review the key settings and location.

Cloud SQL also uses some third-party binaries (for example, mysqld), which can generate unknown error messages. Such errors are internal to the third-party binaries and are outside the scope of Cloud SQL. However, sometimes a more specific error can be found in the Cloud SQL log files at around the same time.

Also, sometimes it is an error code that is unknown. In this case, the complete message can be Unknown Error Code.

Except as otherwise noted, the content of this page is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License, and code samples are licensed under the Apache 2.0 License. For details, see the Google Developers Site Policies. Java is a registered trademark of Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Last updated 2025-08-14 UTC.

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