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GoogleSQL for Spanner supports the following array functions.
Function list Name SummaryARRAY Produces an array with one element for each row in a subquery. ARRAY_AGG Gets an array of values.
ARRAY_CONCAT Concatenates one or more arrays with the same element type into a single array. ARRAY_CONCAT_AGG Concatenates arrays and returns a single array as a result.
ARRAY_FILTER Takes an array, filters out unwanted elements, and returns the results in a new array. ARRAY_FIRST Gets the first element in an array. ARRAY_INCLUDES Checks if there is an element in the array that is equal to a search value. ARRAY_INCLUDES_ALL Checks if all search values are in an array. ARRAY_INCLUDES_ANY Checks if any search values are in an array. ARRAY_IS_DISTINCT Checks if an array contains no repeated elements. ARRAY_LAST Gets the last element in an array. ARRAY_LENGTH Gets the number of elements in an array. ARRAY_MAX Gets the maximum non-NULL value in an array. ARRAY_MIN Gets the minimum non-NULL value in an array. ARRAY_REVERSE Reverses the order of elements in an array. ARRAY_SLICE Produces an array containing zero or more consecutive elements from an input array. ARRAY_TO_STRING Produces a concatenation of the elements in an array as a STRING value. ARRAY_TRANSFORM Transforms the elements of an array, and returns the results in a new array. GENERATE_ARRAY Generates an array of values in a range. GENERATE_DATE_ARRAY Generates an array of dates in a range. JSON_ARRAY Creates a JSON array.
JSON_ARRAY_APPEND Appends JSON data to the end of a JSON array.
JSON_ARRAY_INSERT Inserts JSON data into a JSON array.
JSON_QUERY_ARRAY Extracts a JSON array and converts it to a SQL ARRAY<JSON-formatted STRING> or ARRAY<JSON> value.
JSON_VALUE_ARRAY Extracts a JSON array of scalar values and converts it to a SQL ARRAY<STRING> value.
ARRAY
ARRAY(subquery)
Description
The ARRAY function returns an ARRAY with one element for each row in a subquery.
If subquery produces a SQL table, the table must have exactly one column. Each element in the output ARRAY is the value of the single column of a row in the table.
If subquery produces a value table, then each element in the output ARRAY is the entire corresponding row of the value table.
Constraints
ARRAY aren't guaranteed to preserve any order in the source table for the subquery. However, if the subquery includes an ORDER BY clause, the ARRAY function will return an ARRAY that honors that clause.ARRAY function returns an error.ARRAY typed column or ARRAY typed rows, the ARRAY function returns an error that GoogleSQL doesn't support ARRAYs with elements of type ARRAY.ARRAY function returns an empty ARRAY. It never returns a NULL ARRAY.Return type
ARRAY
Examples
SELECT ARRAY
(SELECT 1 UNION ALL
SELECT 2 UNION ALL
SELECT 3) AS new_array;
/*-----------*
| new_array |
+-----------+
| [1, 2, 3] |
*-----------*/
To construct an ARRAY from a subquery that contains multiple columns, change the subquery to use SELECT AS STRUCT. Now the ARRAY function will return an ARRAY of STRUCTs. The ARRAY will contain one STRUCT for each row in the subquery, and each of these STRUCTs will contain a field for each column in that row.
SELECT
ARRAY
(SELECT AS STRUCT 1, 2, 3
UNION ALL SELECT AS STRUCT 4, 5, 6) AS new_array;
/*------------------------*
| new_array |
+------------------------+
| [{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}] |
*------------------------*/
Similarly, to construct an ARRAY from a subquery that contains one or more ARRAYs, change the subquery to use SELECT AS STRUCT.
SELECT ARRAY
(SELECT AS STRUCT [1, 2, 3] UNION ALL
SELECT AS STRUCT [4, 5, 6]) AS new_array;
/*----------------------------*
| new_array |
+----------------------------+
| [{[1, 2, 3]}, {[4, 5, 6]}] |
*----------------------------*/
ARRAY_CONCAT
ARRAY_CONCAT(array_expression[, ...])
Description
Concatenates one or more arrays with the same element type into a single array.
The function returns NULL if any input argument is NULL.
Return type
ARRAY
Examples
SELECT ARRAY_CONCAT([1, 2], [3, 4], [5, 6]) as count_to_six;
/*--------------------------------------------------*
| count_to_six |
+--------------------------------------------------+
| [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6] |
*--------------------------------------------------*/
ARRAY_FILTER
ARRAY_FILTER(array_expression, lambda_expression)
lambda_expression:
{
element_alias -> boolean_expression
| (element_alias, index_alias) -> boolean_expression
}
Description
Takes an array, filters out unwanted elements, and returns the results in a new array.
array_expression: The array to filter.lambda_expression: Each element in array_expression is evaluated against the lambda expression. If the expression evaluates to FALSE or NULL, the element is removed from the resulting array.element_alias: An alias that represents an array element.index_alias: An alias that represents the zero-based offset of the array element.boolean_expression: The predicate used to filter the array elements.Returns NULL if the array_expression is NULL.
Return type
ARRAY
Example
SELECT
ARRAY_FILTER([1 ,2, 3], e -> e > 1) AS a1,
ARRAY_FILTER([0, 2, 3], (e, i) -> e > i) AS a2;
/*-------+-------*
| a1 | a2 |
+-------+-------+
| [2,3] | [2,3] |
*-------+-------*/
ARRAY_FIRST
ARRAY_FIRST(array_expression)
Description
Takes an array and returns the first element in the array.
Produces an error if the array is empty.
Returns NULL if array_expression is NULL.
ARRAY_LAST.
Return type
Matches the data type of elements in array_expression.
Example
SELECT ARRAY_FIRST(['a','b','c','d']) as first_element
/*---------------*
| first_element |
+---------------+
| a |
*---------------*/
ARRAY_INCLUDES
ARRAY_INCLUDES(array_to_search, search_value)ARRAY_INCLUDES(array_to_search, lambda_expression)ARRAY_INCLUDES(array_to_search, search_value)
Description
Takes an array and returns TRUE if there is an element in the array that is equal to the search_value.
array_to_search: The array to search.search_value: The element to search for in the array.Returns NULL if array_to_search or search_value is NULL.
Return type
BOOL
Example
In the following example, the query first checks to see if 0 exists in an array. Then the query checks to see if 1 exists in an array.
SELECT
ARRAY_INCLUDES([1, 2, 3], 0) AS a1,
ARRAY_INCLUDES([1, 2, 3], 1) AS a2;
/*-------+------*
| a1 | a2 |
+-------+------+
| false | true |
*-------+------*/
ARRAY_INCLUDES(array_to_search, lambda_expression)
lambda_expression: element_alias -> boolean_expression
Description
Takes an array and returns TRUE if the lambda expression evaluates to TRUE for any element in the array.
array_to_search: The array to search.lambda_expression: Each element in array_to_search is evaluated against the lambda expression.element_alias: An alias that represents an array element.boolean_expression: The predicate used to evaluate the array elements.Returns NULL if array_to_search is NULL.
Return type
BOOL
Example
In the following example, the query first checks to see if any elements that are greater than 3 exist in an array (e > 3). Then the query checks to see if any elements that are greater than 0 exist in an array (e > 0).
SELECT
ARRAY_INCLUDES([1, 2, 3], e -> e > 3) AS a1,
ARRAY_INCLUDES([1, 2, 3], e -> e > 0) AS a2;
/*-------+------*
| a1 | a2 |
+-------+------+
| false | true |
*-------+------*/
ARRAY_INCLUDES_ALL
ARRAY_INCLUDES_ALL(array_to_search, search_values)
Description
Takes an array to search and an array of search values. Returns TRUE if all search values are in the array to search, otherwise returns FALSE.
array_to_search: The array to search.search_values: The array that contains the elements to search for.Returns NULL if array_to_search or search_values is NULL.
Return type
BOOL
Example
In the following example, the query first checks to see if 3, 4, and 5 exists in an array. Then the query checks to see if 4, 5, and 6 exists in an array.
SELECT
ARRAY_INCLUDES_ALL([1,2,3,4,5], [3,4,5]) AS a1,
ARRAY_INCLUDES_ALL([1,2,3,4,5], [4,5,6]) AS a2;
/*------+-------*
| a1 | a2 |
+------+-------+
| true | false |
*------+-------*/
ARRAY_INCLUDES_ANY
ARRAY_INCLUDES_ANY(array_to_search, search_values)
Description
Takes an array to search and an array of search values. Returns TRUE if any search values are in the array to search, otherwise returns FALSE.
array_to_search: The array to search.search_values: The array that contains the elements to search for.Returns NULL if array_to_search or search_values is NULL.
Return type
BOOL
Example
In the following example, the query first checks to see if 3, 4, or 5 exists in an array. Then the query checks to see if 4, 5, or 6 exists in an array.
SELECT
ARRAY_INCLUDES_ANY([1,2,3], [3,4,5]) AS a1,
ARRAY_INCLUDES_ANY([1,2,3], [4,5,6]) AS a2;
/*------+-------*
| a1 | a2 |
+------+-------+
| true | false |
*------+-------*/
ARRAY_IS_DISTINCT
ARRAY_IS_DISTINCT(value)
Description
Returns TRUE if the array contains no repeated elements, using the same equality comparison logic as SELECT DISTINCT.
Return type
BOOL
Examples
SELECT ARRAY_IS_DISTINCT([1, 2, 3]) AS is_distinct
/*-------------*
| is_distinct |
+-------------+
| true |
*-------------*/
SELECT ARRAY_IS_DISTINCT([1, 1, 1]) AS is_distinct
/*-------------*
| is_distinct |
+-------------+
| false |
*-------------*/
SELECT ARRAY_IS_DISTINCT([1, 2, NULL]) AS is_distinct
/*-------------*
| is_distinct |
+-------------+
| true |
*-------------*/
SELECT ARRAY_IS_DISTINCT([1, 1, NULL]) AS is_distinct
/*-------------*
| is_distinct |
+-------------+
| false |
*-------------*/
SELECT ARRAY_IS_DISTINCT([1, NULL, NULL]) AS is_distinct
/*-------------*
| is_distinct |
+-------------+
| false |
*-------------*/
SELECT ARRAY_IS_DISTINCT([]) AS is_distinct
/*-------------*
| is_distinct |
+-------------+
| true |
*-------------*/
SELECT ARRAY_IS_DISTINCT(NULL) AS is_distinct
/*-------------*
| is_distinct |
+-------------+
| NULL |
*-------------*/
ARRAY_LAST
ARRAY_LAST(array_expression)
Description
Takes an array and returns the last element in the array.
Produces an error if the array is empty.
Returns NULL if array_expression is NULL.
ARRAY_FIRST.
Return type
Matches the data type of elements in array_expression.
Example
SELECT ARRAY_LAST(['a','b','c','d']) as last_element
/*---------------*
| last_element |
+---------------+
| d |
*---------------*/
ARRAY_LENGTH
ARRAY_LENGTH(array_expression)
Description
Returns the size of the array. Returns 0 for an empty array. Returns NULL if the array_expression is NULL.
Return type
INT64
Examples
SELECT
ARRAY_LENGTH(["coffee", NULL, "milk" ]) AS size_a,
ARRAY_LENGTH(["cake", "pie"]) AS size_b;
/*--------+--------*
| size_a | size_b |
+--------+--------+
| 3 | 2 |
*--------+--------*/
ARRAY_MAX
ARRAY_MAX(input_array)
Description
Returns the maximum non-NULL value in an array.
Caveats:
NULL, empty, or contains only NULLs, returns NULL.NaN, returns NaN.Supported Argument Types
In the input array, ARRAY<T>, T can be an orderable data type.
Return type
The same data type as T in the input array.
Examples
SELECT ARRAY_MAX([8, 37, NULL, 55, 4]) as max
/*-----*
| max |
+-----+
| 55 |
*-----*/
ARRAY_MIN
ARRAY_MIN(input_array)
Description
Returns the minimum non-NULL value in an array.
Caveats:
NULL, empty, or contains only NULLs, returns NULL.NaN, returns NaN.Supported Argument Types
In the input array, ARRAY<T>, T can be an orderable data type.
Return type
The same data type as T in the input array.
Examples
SELECT ARRAY_MIN([8, 37, NULL, 4, 55]) as min
/*-----*
| min |
+-----+
| 4 |
*-----*/
ARRAY_REVERSE
ARRAY_REVERSE(value)
Description
Returns the input ARRAY with elements in reverse order.
Return type
ARRAY
Examples
SELECT ARRAY_REVERSE([1, 2, 3]) AS reverse_arr
/*-------------*
| reverse_arr |
+-------------+
| [3, 2, 1] |
*-------------*/
ARRAY_SLICE
ARRAY_SLICE(array_to_slice, start_offset, end_offset)
Description
Returns an array containing zero or more consecutive elements from the input array.
array_to_slice: The array that contains the elements you want to slice.start_offset: The inclusive starting offset.end_offset: The inclusive ending offset.An offset can be positive or negative. A positive offset starts from the beginning of the input array and is 0-based. A negative offset starts from the end of the input array. Out-of-bounds offsets are supported. Here are some examples:
Input offset Final offset in array Notes 0 ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'] The final offset is0. 3 ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'] The final offset is 3. 5 ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'] Because the input offset is out of bounds, the final offset is 3 (array length - 1). -1 ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'] Because a negative offset is used, the offset starts at the end of the array. The final offset is 3 (array length - 1). -2 ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'] Because a negative offset is used, the offset starts at the end of the array. The final offset is 2 (array length - 2). -4 ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'] Because a negative offset is used, the offset starts at the end of the array. The final offset is 0 (array length - 4). -5 ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'] Because the offset is negative and out of bounds, the final offset is 0 (array length - array length).
Additional details:
NULL elements. NULL elements are included in the resulting array.NULL if array_to_slice, start_offset, or end_offset is NULL.array_to_slice is empty.start_offset in the array is after the position of the end_offset.Return type
ARRAY
Examples
SELECT ARRAY_SLICE(['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e'], 1, 3) AS result
/*-----------*
| result |
+-----------+
| [b, c, d] |
*-----------*/
SELECT ARRAY_SLICE(['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e'], -1, 3) AS result
/*-----------*
| result |
+-----------+
| [] |
*-----------*/
SELECT ARRAY_SLICE(['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e'], 1, -3) AS result
/*--------*
| result |
+--------+
| [b, c] |
*--------*/
SELECT ARRAY_SLICE(['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e'], -1, -3) AS result
/*-----------*
| result |
+-----------+
| [] |
*-----------*/
SELECT ARRAY_SLICE(['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e'], -3, -1) AS result
/*-----------*
| result |
+-----------+
| [c, d, e] |
*-----------*/
SELECT ARRAY_SLICE(['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e'], 3, 3) AS result
/*--------*
| result |
+--------+
| [d] |
*--------*/
SELECT ARRAY_SLICE(['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e'], -3, -3) AS result
/*--------*
| result |
+--------+
| [c] |
*--------*/
SELECT ARRAY_SLICE(['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e'], 1, 30) AS result
/*--------------*
| result |
+--------------+
| [b, c, d, e] |
*--------------*/
SELECT ARRAY_SLICE(['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e'], 1, -30) AS result
/*-----------*
| result |
+-----------+
| [] |
*-----------*/
SELECT ARRAY_SLICE(['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e'], -30, 30) AS result
/*-----------------*
| result |
+-----------------+
| [a, b, c, d, e] |
*-----------------*/
SELECT ARRAY_SLICE(['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e'], -30, -5) AS result
/*--------*
| result |
+--------+
| [a] |
*--------*/
SELECT ARRAY_SLICE(['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e'], 5, 30) AS result
/*--------*
| result |
+--------+
| [] |
*--------*/
SELECT ARRAY_SLICE(['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e'], 1, NULL) AS result
/*-----------*
| result |
+-----------+
| NULL |
*-----------*/
SELECT ARRAY_SLICE(['a', 'b', NULL, 'd', 'e'], 1, 3) AS result
/*--------------*
| result |
+--------------+
| [b, NULL, d] |
*--------------*/
ARRAY_TO_STRING
ARRAY_TO_STRING(array_expression, delimiter[, null_text])
Description
Returns a concatenation of the elements in array_expression as a STRING. The value for array_expression can either be an array of STRING or BYTES data types.
If the null_text parameter is used, the function replaces any NULL values in the array with the value of null_text.
If the null_text parameter isn't used, the function omits the NULL value and its preceding delimiter.
Return type
STRING
Examples
SELECT ARRAY_TO_STRING(['coffee', 'tea', 'milk', NULL], '--', 'MISSING') AS text
/*--------------------------------*
| text |
+--------------------------------+
| coffee--tea--milk--MISSING |
*--------------------------------*/
SELECT ARRAY_TO_STRING(['cake', 'pie', NULL], '--', 'MISSING') AS text
/*--------------------------------*
| text |
+--------------------------------+
| cake--pie--MISSING |
*--------------------------------*/
ARRAY_TRANSFORM
ARRAY_TRANSFORM(array_expression, lambda_expression)
lambda_expression:
{
element_alias -> transform_expression
| (element_alias, index_alias) -> transform_expression
}
Description
Takes an array, transforms the elements, and returns the results in a new array. The output array always has the same length as the input array.
array_expression: The array to transform.lambda_expression: Each element in array_expression is evaluated against the lambda expression. The evaluation results are returned in a new array.element_alias: An alias that represents an array element.index_alias: An alias that represents the zero-based offset of the array element.transform_expression: The expression used to transform the array elements.Returns NULL if the array_expression is NULL.
Return type
ARRAY
Example
SELECT
ARRAY_TRANSFORM([1, 4, 3], e -> e + 1) AS a1,
ARRAY_TRANSFORM([1, 4, 3], (e, i) -> e + i) AS a2;
/*---------+---------*
| a1 | a2 |
+---------+---------+
| [2,5,4] | [1,5,5] |
*---------+---------*/
GENERATE_ARRAY
GENERATE_ARRAY(start_expression, end_expression[, step_expression])
Description
Returns an array of values. The start_expression and end_expression parameters determine the inclusive start and end of the array.
The GENERATE_ARRAY function accepts the following data types as inputs:
INT64NUMERICFLOAT64The step_expression parameter determines the increment used to generate array values. The default value for this parameter is 1.
This function returns an error if step_expression is set to 0, or if any input is NaN.
If any argument is NULL, the function will return a NULL array.
Return Data Type
ARRAY
Examples
The following returns an array of integers, with a default step of 1.
SELECT GENERATE_ARRAY(1, 5) AS example_array;
/*-----------------*
| example_array |
+-----------------+
| [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] |
*-----------------*/
The following returns an array using a user-specified step size.
SELECT GENERATE_ARRAY(0, 10, 3) AS example_array;
/*---------------*
| example_array |
+---------------+
| [0, 3, 6, 9] |
*---------------*/
The following returns an array using a negative value, -3 for its step size.
SELECT GENERATE_ARRAY(10, 0, -3) AS example_array;
/*---------------*
| example_array |
+---------------+
| [10, 7, 4, 1] |
*---------------*/
The following returns an array using the same value for the start_expression and end_expression.
SELECT GENERATE_ARRAY(4, 4, 10) AS example_array;
/*---------------*
| example_array |
+---------------+
| [4] |
*---------------*/
The following returns an empty array, because the start_expression is greater than the end_expression, and the step_expression value is positive.
SELECT GENERATE_ARRAY(10, 0, 3) AS example_array;
/*---------------*
| example_array |
+---------------+
| [] |
*---------------*/
The following returns a NULL array because end_expression is NULL.
SELECT GENERATE_ARRAY(5, NULL, 1) AS example_array;
/*---------------*
| example_array |
+---------------+
| NULL |
*---------------*/
The following returns multiple arrays.
SELECT GENERATE_ARRAY(start, 5) AS example_array
FROM UNNEST([3, 4, 5]) AS start;
/*---------------*
| example_array |
+---------------+
| [3, 4, 5] |
| [4, 5] |
| [5] |
+---------------*/
GENERATE_DATE_ARRAY
GENERATE_DATE_ARRAY(start_date, end_date[, INTERVAL INT64_expr date_part])
Description
Returns an array of dates. The start_date and end_date parameters determine the inclusive start and end of the array.
The GENERATE_DATE_ARRAY function accepts the following data types as inputs:
start_date must be a DATE.end_date must be a DATE.INT64_expr must be an INT64.date_part must be either DAY, WEEK, MONTH, QUARTER, or YEAR.The INT64_expr parameter determines the increment used to generate dates. The default value for this parameter is 1 day.
This function returns an error if INT64_expr is set to 0.
Return Data Type
ARRAY containing 0 or more DATE values.
Examples
The following returns an array of dates, with a default step of 1.
SELECT GENERATE_DATE_ARRAY('2016-10-05', '2016-10-08') AS example;
/*--------------------------------------------------*
| example |
+--------------------------------------------------+
| [2016-10-05, 2016-10-06, 2016-10-07, 2016-10-08] |
*--------------------------------------------------*/
The following returns an array using a user-specified step size.
SELECT GENERATE_DATE_ARRAY(
'2016-10-05', '2016-10-09', INTERVAL 2 DAY) AS example;
/*--------------------------------------*
| example |
+--------------------------------------+
| [2016-10-05, 2016-10-07, 2016-10-09] |
*--------------------------------------*/
The following returns an array using a negative value, -3 for its step size.
SELECT GENERATE_DATE_ARRAY('2016-10-05',
'2016-10-01', INTERVAL -3 DAY) AS example;
/*--------------------------*
| example |
+--------------------------+
| [2016-10-05, 2016-10-02] |
*--------------------------*/
The following returns an array using the same value for the start_dateand end_date.
SELECT GENERATE_DATE_ARRAY('2016-10-05',
'2016-10-05', INTERVAL 8 DAY) AS example;
/*--------------*
| example |
+--------------+
| [2016-10-05] |
*--------------*/
The following returns an empty array, because the start_date is greater than the end_date, and the step value is positive.
SELECT GENERATE_DATE_ARRAY('2016-10-05',
'2016-10-01', INTERVAL 1 DAY) AS example;
/*---------*
| example |
+---------+
| [] |
*---------*/
The following returns a NULL array, because one of its inputs is NULL.
SELECT GENERATE_DATE_ARRAY('2016-10-05', NULL) AS example;
/*---------*
| example |
+---------+
| NULL |
*---------*/
The following returns an array of dates, using MONTH as the date_part interval:
SELECT GENERATE_DATE_ARRAY('2016-01-01',
'2016-12-31', INTERVAL 2 MONTH) AS example;
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*
| example |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| [2016-01-01, 2016-03-01, 2016-05-01, 2016-07-01, 2016-09-01, 2016-11-01] |
*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
The following uses non-constant dates to generate an array.
SELECT GENERATE_DATE_ARRAY(date_start, date_end, INTERVAL 1 WEEK) AS date_range
FROM (
SELECT DATE '2016-01-01' AS date_start, DATE '2016-01-31' AS date_end
UNION ALL SELECT DATE "2016-04-01", DATE "2016-04-30"
UNION ALL SELECT DATE "2016-07-01", DATE "2016-07-31"
UNION ALL SELECT DATE "2016-10-01", DATE "2016-10-31"
) AS items;
/*--------------------------------------------------------------*
| date_range |
+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| [2016-01-01, 2016-01-08, 2016-01-15, 2016-01-22, 2016-01-29] |
| [2016-04-01, 2016-04-08, 2016-04-15, 2016-04-22, 2016-04-29] |
| [2016-07-01, 2016-07-08, 2016-07-15, 2016-07-22, 2016-07-29] |
| [2016-10-01, 2016-10-08, 2016-10-15, 2016-10-22, 2016-10-29] |
*--------------------------------------------------------------*/
For information about using OFFSET and ORDINAL with arrays, see Array subscript operator and Accessing array elements.
Except as otherwise noted, the content of this page is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License, and code samples are licensed under the Apache 2.0 License. For details, see the Google Developers Site Policies. Java is a registered trademark of Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Last updated 2025-08-07 UTC.
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