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Showing content from https://cloud.google.com/cpp/docs/reference/spanner/2.29.0/spanner-auth-example below:

C++ Client Libraries | Google Cloud

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Override the authentication configuration

Some applications cannot use the default authentication mechanism (known as [Application Default Credentials]). You can override this default using google::cloud::UnifiedCredentialsOption. The following example shows how to explicitly load a service account key file.

  namespace spanner = ::google::cloud::spanner;
  [](std::string const& project_id, std::string const& instance_id,
     std::string const& database_id, std::string const& keyfile) {
    auto is = std::ifstream(keyfile);
    is.exceptions(std::ios::badbit);
    auto contents = std::string(std::istreambuf_iterator<char>(is.rdbuf()), {});
    auto options =
        google::cloud::Options{}.set<google::cloud::UnifiedCredentialsOption>(
            google::cloud::MakeServiceAccountCredentials(contents));
    return spanner::Client(spanner::MakeConnection(
        spanner::Database(project_id, instance_id, database_id), options));
  }

Keep in mind that we chose this as an example because it is relatively easy to understand. Consult the [Best practices for managing service account keys] guide for more details.

Follow these links to find examples for other *Client classes:

Except as otherwise noted, the content of this page is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License, and code samples are licensed under the Apache 2.0 License. For details, see the Google Developers Site Policies. Java is a registered trademark of Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Last updated 2025-08-14 UTC.

[[["Easy to understand","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["Solved my problem","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["Other","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["Hard to understand","hardToUnderstand","thumb-down"],["Incorrect information or sample code","incorrectInformationOrSampleCode","thumb-down"],["Missing the information/samples I need","missingTheInformationSamplesINeed","thumb-down"],["Other","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["Last updated 2025-08-14 UTC."],[[["This webpage provides access to documentation and examples for different versions of the Spanner C++ client library, ranging from version 2.11.0 up to the latest release candidate 2.37.0-rc."],["The content demonstrates how to override the default authentication mechanism in Spanner C++ applications using a service account key file via `google::cloud::UnifiedCredentialsOption`."],["The example provided, which uses the `spanner::Client`, is intended to be easy to understand, and it is recommended that you consult best practices for service account key management."],["Examples for overriding authentication are available for `DatabaseAdminClient` and `InstanceAdminClient` classes in addition to the example for the `spanner::Client`."]]],[]]

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