Library reference docs
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google::cloud::spanner
Classes
Client
Functions
DatabaseAdminClient
Functions
LimitedErrorCountTransactionRerunPolicy
LimitedTimeTransactionRerunPolicy
Structs
Functions
Operators
google::cloud::spanner_admin
Classes
DatabaseAdminClient
Functions
DatabaseAdminConnection
Functions
DatabaseAdminConnectionIdempotencyPolicy
DatabaseAdminLimitedErrorCountRetryPolicy
DatabaseAdminLimitedTimeRetryPolicy
InstanceAdminClient
Functions
InstanceAdminConnection
Functions
InstanceAdminConnectionIdempotencyPolicy
InstanceAdminLimitedErrorCountRetryPolicy
InstanceAdminLimitedTimeRetryPolicy
Structs
google::cloud::spanner_admin_mocks
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MockDatabaseAdminConnection
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MockInstanceAdminConnection
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Some applications cannot use the default authentication mechanism (known as [Application Default Credentials]). You can override this default using google::cloud::UnifiedCredentialsOption
. The following example shows how to explicitly load a service account key file.
namespace spanner = ::google::cloud::spanner;
[](std::string const& project_id, std::string const& instance_id,
std::string const& database_id, std::string const& keyfile) {
auto is = std::ifstream(keyfile);
is.exceptions(std::ios::badbit);
auto contents = std::string(std::istreambuf_iterator<char>(is.rdbuf()), {});
auto options =
google::cloud::Options{}.set<google::cloud::UnifiedCredentialsOption>(
google::cloud::MakeServiceAccountCredentials(contents));
return spanner::Client(spanner::MakeConnection(
spanner::Database(project_id, instance_id, database_id), options));
}
Keep in mind that we chose this as an example because it is relatively easy to understand. Consult the [Best practices for managing service account keys] guide for more details.
Follow these links to find examples for other *Client
classes:
Except as otherwise noted, the content of this page is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License, and code samples are licensed under the Apache 2.0 License. For details, see the Google Developers Site Policies. Java is a registered trademark of Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Last updated 2025-08-14 UTC.
[[["Easy to understand","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["Solved my problem","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["Other","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["Hard to understand","hardToUnderstand","thumb-down"],["Incorrect information or sample code","incorrectInformationOrSampleCode","thumb-down"],["Missing the information/samples I need","missingTheInformationSamplesINeed","thumb-down"],["Other","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["Last updated 2025-08-14 UTC."],[[["The latest release candidate version is 2.37.0-rc, and this page includes version documentation from 2.37.0-rc down to version 2.11.0."],["This documentation demonstrates how to override the default authentication mechanism using `google::cloud::UnifiedCredentialsOption`, especially when the default Application Default Credentials are not suitable."],["An example is provided on how to load a service account key file explicitly using the provided code snippet within the documentation."],["Additional examples for overriding authentication are available for `DatabaseAdminClient` and `InstanceAdminClient`, providing further guidance on managing authentication configurations."]]],[]]
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