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Showing content from https://cloud.google.com/cpp/docs/reference/spanner/2.12.0/spanner-retry-example below:

C++ Client Libraries | Google Cloud

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Retry, Backoff, and Idempotency Policies.

Application developers can override the default retry and backoff policies.

The default policies are to continue retrying for up to 15 minutes, and to use truncated (at 5 minutes) exponential backoff, doubling the maximum backoff period between retries.

  namespace spanner = ::google::cloud::spanner;
  using ::google::cloud::StatusOr;
  [](std::string const& project_id, std::string const& instance_id,
     std::string const& database_id) {
    // Use a truncated exponential backoff with jitter to wait between
    // retries:
    //   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exponential_backoff
    //   https://cloud.google.com/storage/docs/exponential-backoff
    auto client = spanner::Client(spanner::MakeConnection(
        spanner::Database(project_id, instance_id, database_id),
        google::cloud::Options{}
            .set<spanner::SpannerRetryPolicyOption>(
                std::make_shared<spanner::LimitedTimeRetryPolicy>(
                    /*maximum_duration=*/std::chrono::seconds(60)))
            .set<spanner::SpannerBackoffPolicyOption>(
                std::make_shared<spanner::ExponentialBackoffPolicy>(
                    /*initial_delay=*/std::chrono::milliseconds(500),
                    /*maximum_delay=*/std::chrono::seconds(64),
                    /*scaling=*/1.5))));

    std::int64_t rows_inserted;
    auto commit_result = client.Commit(
        [&client, &rows_inserted](
            spanner::Transaction txn) -> StatusOr<spanner::Mutations> {
          auto insert = client.ExecuteDml(
              std::move(txn),
              spanner::SqlStatement(
                  "INSERT INTO Singers (SingerId, FirstName, LastName)"
                  "  VALUES (20, 'George', 'Washington')"));
          if (!insert) return std::move(insert).status();
          rows_inserted = insert->RowsModified();
          return spanner::Mutations{};
        });
    if (!commit_result) throw std::move(commit_result).status();
    std::cout << "Rows inserted: " << rows_inserted;
  }

See Also

ExponentialBackoffPolicy to configure different parameters for the exponential backoff policy.

Except as otherwise noted, the content of this page is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License, and code samples are licensed under the Apache 2.0 License. For details, see the Google Developers Site Policies. Java is a registered trademark of Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Last updated 2025-08-14 UTC.

[[["Easy to understand","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["Solved my problem","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["Other","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["Hard to understand","hardToUnderstand","thumb-down"],["Incorrect information or sample code","incorrectInformationOrSampleCode","thumb-down"],["Missing the information/samples I need","missingTheInformationSamplesINeed","thumb-down"],["Other","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["Last updated 2025-08-14 UTC."],[[["This page provides documentation for various versions of the Spanner C++ client library, with the latest release candidate being version 2.37.0-rc."],["The Spanner C++ client library includes default retry and backoff policies for handling transient errors, set to retry for up to 15 minutes with an exponential backoff that truncates at 5 minutes."],["Developers can customize the retry and backoff behavior of the Spanner client using classes like `LimitedTimeRetryPolicy` and `ExponentialBackoffPolicy`."],["The documentation includes code samples demonstrating how to override the default retry and backoff policies when creating a Spanner client."],["The Spanner documentation provides a multitude of previous version, starting as far back as 2.11.0, all the way to the latest 2.37.0."]]],[]]

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