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Migrating a VM between networks | Compute Engine Documentation

Skip to main content Migrating a VM between networks

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This page describes how to migrate a VM instance from one network to another. In the case of a VM that is connected to more than one network using multiple network interfaces, this process updates one of the interfaces and leaves the rest in place.

The following migrations are supported:

From legacy network to a VPC network in the same project
From one VPC network to another VPC network in the same project
From one subnet of a VPC network to another subnet of the same network
From a service project network to the shared network of a Shared VPC host project

In all cases, the VM stays in the region and zone where it was before. Only the attached network changes.

Before you begin

Read the Virtual Private Cloud documentation.
If you haven't already, then set up authentication. Authentication is the process by which your identity is verified for access to Google Cloud services and APIs. To run code or samples from a local development environment, you can authenticate to Compute Engine by selecting one of the following options:
Select the tab for how you plan to use the samples on this page:
Console
When you use the Google Cloud console to access Google Cloud services and APIs, you don't need to set up authentication.
gcloud
1. Install the Google Cloud CLI. After installation, initialize the Google Cloud CLI by running the following command:
```
gcloud init
```
  If you're using an external identity provider (IdP), you must first sign in to the gcloud CLI with your federated identity.
  Note: If you installed the gcloud CLI previously, make sure you have the latest version by running gcloud components update.
2. Set a default region and zone.
REST
To use the REST API samples on this page in a local development environment, you use the credentials you provide to the gcloud CLI.
For more information, see Authenticate for using REST in the Google Cloud authentication documentation.

Requirements

Before you migrate a VM, it must meet the following requirements:

The VM must be stopped. To ensure that the guest OS in the VM can cleanly shut down before the stop operation completes, you can optionally enable graceful shutdown in the VM.
The VM mustn't be part of an instance group or a network endpoint group (NEG). The following conditions apply:
- If the VM is part of an unmanaged instance group or NEG, then you must remove the VM from the group before migrating it.
- If the VM is part of a managed instance group (MIG), then the VM can't be migrated. Instead, create a new MIG using an instance template with different VM properties.
- You can move instances in target pools without removing them first. The target pool expands to cover both networks.

Limitations

You cannot migrate a VM interface to a legacy network.
The MAC address allocated to the network interface will change during the migration. This could have an impact on services tightly coupled with MAC addresses such as third-party license agreement.
If you are migrating the VM to a network or subnet with a different IP range, the internal IP address of your instance must change. If you are migrating to a subnet with the same IP range, you can keep the old IP address, as long as it is not already in use at the destination, by specifying it during the migration.
If the target subnet does not have the same IP range as the source, then the IP address of the interface changes to match the new subnet range.
You can keep the VM's existing external IP address in the new location. To do this, you must have the compute.subnetworks.useExternalIp permission on the target network, and the target network cannot have external IP addresses disabled by the constraints/compute.vmExternalIpAccess constraint.

Migrating a VM

Before you migrate a VM, review the requirements and limitations.

Google recommends that you create any necessary firewall rules, routes, load balancers, and other network infrastructure resources in the new network before migrating your VMs. Doing so can shorten the time that your VMs are offline.

Important: Migrating a VM can take several minutes. After you start migrating a VM, don't interrupt the process or modify any resources that Compute Engine is migrating.

To migrate a VM, select one of the following options:

Console

In the Google Cloud console, go to the VM instances page.

Go to VM instances
Click the VM instance name to open the details page.
If the VM is running, click stop Stop to stop the VM. If there is no Stop option, click more_vert More actions > stop Stop.
After the VM stops, click Edit edit.
Under Network interfaces, click the interface you want to move.
In the Network field of the interface, select the new network for the interface.
In the Subnetwork field of the interface, select the new subnet for the interface.
In the Internal IP address field, specify Automatic if you want the system to allocate an IP address from the subnet range or Custom if you want to specify an unused one yourself.
Click Done to close the network interface edit panel.
Click Save.
After the VM finishes saving, click Start start.
If a confirmation dialog appears, click Start.

gcloud

Stop the VM
```
gcloud compute instances stop INSTANCE_NAME \
    --zone=ZONE_NAME
```
where
- INSTANCE_NAME is the name of the VM instance.
- ZONE_NAME is the name of the zone containing the instance.
Migrate the VM
```
gcloud compute instances network-interfaces update INSTANCE_NAME \
    --zone=ZONE_NAME \
    --network-interface=NIC \
    --network=NETWORK_NAME \
    --subnetwork=SUBNET_NAME
```
where
- INSTANCE_NAME is the name of the VM instance.
- ZONE_NAME is the name of the zone containing the instance.
- NIC is the name of the interface you are updating. In a single-interface VM, the NIC is nic0.
- NETWORK_NAME is the target network name. If you are migrating the VM from a service project network to the host project network, you must use a fully qualified name for the target network: projects/HOST_PROJECT_ID/global/networks/NETWORK_NAME
- SUBNET_NAME is the target subnet name. This subnet must be in the same region as the VM. If you are migrating the VM from a service project network to the host project network, you must use a fully qualified name for the subnet: projects/HOST_PROJECT_ID/regions/REGION/subnetworks/SUBNET_NAME
Start the VM

Migration might take a few minutes, so wait before trying to start the VM in the new location.
```
gcloud compute instances start INSTANCE_NAME \
    --zone=ZONE_NAME
```
where
- INSTANCE_NAME is the name of the VM instance.
- ZONE_NAME is the name of the zone containing the instance.

REST

Stop the VM
```
POST https://compute.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/zones/ZONE_NAME/instances/INSTANCE_NAME/stop
```
where
- PROJECT_ID is your project ID.
- INSTANCE_NAME is the name of the VM instance.
- ZONE_NAME is the name of the zone containing the instance.
View details for the instance.
```
GET https://compute.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/zones/ZONE_NAME/instances/INSTANCE_NAME
```
where
- PROJECT_ID is your project ID.
- ZONE_NAME is the name of the zone containing the instance.
- INSTANCE_NAME is the name of the VM instance.
Find the fingerprint for the interface.

You need the fingerprint to update the network interface.

Examine the output of the command and find the networkInterfaces field contents. Find the item with the name of the interface you would like to update (in a single-interface VM, the name is nic0). Copy the string in the fingerprint field in this item for use in the next step.
Migrate the VM
```
PATCH https://compute.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/zones/ZONE_NAME/instances/INSTANCE_NAME/updateNetworkInterface?networkInterface=NIC
{
  "network": NETWORK_NAME,
  "subnetwork": SUBNET_NAME,
  "networkIP": IP_ADDRESS,
  "name": NIC,
  "fingerprint": FINGERPRINT
}
```
- PROJECT_ID is your project ID.
- ZONE_NAME is the name of the zone containing the instance.
- INSTANCE_NAME is the name of the VM instance.
- NIC is the name of the interface you are updating. In a single-interface VM, the NIC is nic0.
- NETWORK_NAME is the target network name. If you are migrating the VM from a service project network to the host project network, you must use a fully qualified name for the target network: projects/HOST_PROJECT_ID/global/networks/NETWORK_NAME
- SUBNET_NAME is the target subnet name. This subnet must be in the same region as the VM. If you are migrating the VM from a service project network to the host project network, you must use a fully qualified name for the subnet: projects/HOST_PROJECT_ID/regions/REGION/subnetworks/SUBNET_NAME
- IP_ADDRESS is the internal IP address you want the instance to have in the new location. If you omit this field, the interface is assigned one automatically.
- FINGERPRINT is the fingerprint you got in the previous step.
Start the VM
```
POST https://compute.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/zones/ZONE_NAME/instances/INSTANCE_NAME/start
```
where
- PROJECT_ID is your project ID.
- INSTANCE_NAME is the name of the VM instance.
- ZONE_NAME is the name of the zone containing the instance.

What's next

Learn how to move an instance to another zone.
Learn about live migration.
Check a VM's status.

Except as otherwise noted, the content of this page is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License, and code samples are licensed under the Apache 2.0 License. For details, see the Google Developers Site Policies. Java is a registered trademark of Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Last updated 2025-08-07 UTC.

[[["Easy to understand","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["Solved my problem","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["Other","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["Hard to understand","hardToUnderstand","thumb-down"],["Incorrect information or sample code","incorrectInformationOrSampleCode","thumb-down"],["Missing the information/samples I need","missingTheInformationSamplesINeed","thumb-down"],["Other","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["Last updated 2025-08-07 UTC."],[[["This document explains how to migrate a Virtual Machine (VM) instance's network interface from one network to another, including legacy to VPC, VPC to VPC, subnet to subnet, and service project to shared network migrations, all while keeping the VM in its original region and zone."],["VM migration requires the VM to be stopped, and it cannot be part of a managed instance group (MIG), although VMs in unmanaged instance groups or Network Endpoint Groups (NEGs) can be migrated after being removed from the group, and VMs in target pools can be moved directly."],["During migration, the VM's MAC address will change, and the internal IP address might change if the target subnet has a different IP range, although you can choose to keep the old IP address if it is available in the new location or specify a new one."],["You can migrate a VM's network interface using the Google Cloud console, `gcloud` command-line tool, or the REST API, with each method requiring the VM to be stopped before starting the migration process."],["While migrating a VM interface, it is mandatory to not have the target network be a legacy network and for the user to create necessary firewall rules, routes, load balancers and other network infrastructure in the new network before migrating the VM."]]],[]]

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