GoogleSQL for BigQuery supports statistical aggregate functions. To learn about the syntax for aggregate function calls, see Aggregate function calls.
Function list Name SummaryCORR
Computes the Pearson coefficient of correlation of a set of number pairs. COVAR_POP
Computes the population covariance of a set of number pairs. COVAR_SAMP
Computes the sample covariance of a set of number pairs. STDDEV
An alias of the STDDEV_SAMP
function. STDDEV_POP
Computes the population (biased) standard deviation of the values. STDDEV_SAMP
Computes the sample (unbiased) standard deviation of the values. VAR_POP
Computes the population (biased) variance of the values. VAR_SAMP
Computes the sample (unbiased) variance of the values. VARIANCE
An alias of VAR_SAMP
. CORR
CORR(
X1, X2
)
[ OVER over_clause ]
over_clause:
{ named_window | ( [ window_specification ] ) }
window_specification:
[ named_window ]
[ PARTITION BY partition_expression [, ...] ]
[ ORDER BY expression [ { ASC | DESC } ] [, ...] ]
[ window_frame_clause ]
Description
Returns the Pearson coefficient of correlation of a set of number pairs. For each number pair, the first number is the dependent variable and the second number is the independent variable. The return result is between -1
and 1
. A result of 0
indicates no correlation.
All numeric types are supported. If the input is NUMERIC
or BIGNUMERIC
then the internal aggregation is stable with the final output converted to a FLOAT64
. Otherwise the input is converted to a FLOAT64
before aggregation, resulting in a potentially unstable result.
This function ignores any input pairs that contain one or more NULL
values. If there are fewer than two input pairs without NULL
values, this function returns NULL
.
NaN
is produced if:
NaN
X1
or X2
is 0
.X1
and X2
is 0
.To learn more about the optional aggregate clauses that you can pass into this function, see Aggregate function calls.
To learn more about the OVER
clause and how to use it, see Window function calls.
Return Data Type
FLOAT64
Examples
SELECT CORR(y, x) AS results
FROM
UNNEST(
[
STRUCT(1.0 AS y, 5.0 AS x),
(3.0, 9.0),
(4.0, 7.0)]);
/*--------------------*
| results |
+--------------------+
| 0.6546536707079772 |
*--------------------*/
SELECT CORR(y, x) AS results
FROM
UNNEST(
[
STRUCT(1.0 AS y, 5.0 AS x),
(3.0, 9.0),
(4.0, NULL)]);
/*---------*
| results |
+---------+
| 1 |
*---------*/
SELECT CORR(y, x) AS results
FROM UNNEST([STRUCT(1.0 AS y, NULL AS x),(9.0, 3.0)])
/*---------*
| results |
+---------+
| NULL |
*---------*/
SELECT CORR(y, x) AS results
FROM UNNEST([STRUCT(1.0 AS y, NULL AS x),(9.0, NULL)])
/*---------*
| results |
+---------+
| NULL |
*---------*/
SELECT CORR(y, x) AS results
FROM
UNNEST(
[
STRUCT(1.0 AS y, 5.0 AS x),
(3.0, 9.0),
(4.0, 7.0),
(5.0, 1.0),
(7.0, CAST('Infinity' as FLOAT64))])
/*---------*
| results |
+---------+
| NaN |
*---------*/
SELECT CORR(x, y) AS results
FROM
(
SELECT 0 AS x, 0 AS y
UNION ALL
SELECT 0 AS x, 0 AS y
)
/*---------*
| results |
+---------+
| NaN |
*---------*/
COVAR_POP
COVAR_POP(
X1, X2
)
[ OVER over_clause ]
over_clause:
{ named_window | ( [ window_specification ] ) }
window_specification:
[ named_window ]
[ PARTITION BY partition_expression [, ...] ]
[ ORDER BY expression [ { ASC | DESC } ] [, ...] ]
[ window_frame_clause ]
Description
Returns the population covariance of a set of number pairs. The first number is the dependent variable; the second number is the independent variable. The return result is between -Inf
and +Inf
.
All numeric types are supported. If the input is NUMERIC
or BIGNUMERIC
then the internal aggregation is stable with the final output converted to a FLOAT64
. Otherwise the input is converted to a FLOAT64
before aggregation, resulting in a potentially unstable result.
This function ignores any input pairs that contain one or more NULL
values. If there is no input pair without NULL
values, this function returns NULL
. If there is exactly one input pair without NULL
values, this function returns 0
.
NaN
is produced if:
NaN
To learn more about the optional aggregate clauses that you can pass into this function, see Aggregate function calls.
This function can be used with the AGGREGATION_THRESHOLD
clause.
To learn more about the OVER
clause and how to use it, see Window function calls.
Return Data Type
FLOAT64
Examples
SELECT COVAR_POP(y, x) AS results
FROM
UNNEST(
[
STRUCT(1.0 AS y, 1.0 AS x),
(2.0, 6.0),
(9.0, 3.0),
(2.0, 6.0),
(9.0, 3.0)])
/*---------------------*
| results |
+---------------------+
| -1.6800000000000002 |
*---------------------*/
SELECT COVAR_POP(y, x) AS results
FROM UNNEST([STRUCT(1.0 AS y, NULL AS x),(9.0, 3.0)])
/*---------*
| results |
+---------+
| 0 |
*---------*/
SELECT COVAR_POP(y, x) AS results
FROM UNNEST([STRUCT(1.0 AS y, NULL AS x),(9.0, NULL)])
/*---------*
| results |
+---------+
| NULL |
*---------*/
SELECT COVAR_POP(y, x) AS results
FROM
UNNEST(
[
STRUCT(1.0 AS y, 1.0 AS x),
(2.0, 6.0),
(9.0, 3.0),
(2.0, 6.0),
(NULL, 3.0)])
/*---------*
| results |
+---------+
| -1 |
*---------*/
SELECT COVAR_POP(y, x) AS results
FROM
UNNEST(
[
STRUCT(1.0 AS y, 1.0 AS x),
(2.0, 6.0),
(9.0, 3.0),
(2.0, 6.0),
(CAST('Infinity' as FLOAT64), 3.0)])
/*---------*
| results |
+---------+
| NaN |
*---------*/
COVAR_SAMP
COVAR_SAMP(
X1, X2
)
[ OVER over_clause ]
over_clause:
{ named_window | ( [ window_specification ] ) }
window_specification:
[ named_window ]
[ PARTITION BY partition_expression [, ...] ]
[ ORDER BY expression [ { ASC | DESC } ] [, ...] ]
[ window_frame_clause ]
Description
Returns the sample covariance of a set of number pairs. The first number is the dependent variable; the second number is the independent variable. The return result is between -Inf
and +Inf
.
All numeric types are supported. If the input is NUMERIC
or BIGNUMERIC
then the internal aggregation is stable with the final output converted to a FLOAT64
. Otherwise the input is converted to a FLOAT64
before aggregation, resulting in a potentially unstable result.
This function ignores any input pairs that contain one or more NULL
values. If there are fewer than two input pairs without NULL
values, this function returns NULL
.
NaN
is produced if:
NaN
To learn more about the optional aggregate clauses that you can pass into this function, see Aggregate function calls.
This function can be used with the AGGREGATION_THRESHOLD
clause.
To learn more about the OVER
clause and how to use it, see Window function calls.
Return Data Type
FLOAT64
Examples
SELECT COVAR_SAMP(y, x) AS results
FROM
UNNEST(
[
STRUCT(1.0 AS y, 1.0 AS x),
(2.0, 6.0),
(9.0, 3.0),
(2.0, 6.0),
(9.0, 3.0)])
/*---------*
| results |
+---------+
| -2.1 |
*---------*/
SELECT COVAR_SAMP(y, x) AS results
FROM
UNNEST(
[
STRUCT(1.0 AS y, 1.0 AS x),
(2.0, 6.0),
(9.0, 3.0),
(2.0, 6.0),
(NULL, 3.0)])
/*----------------------*
| results |
+----------------------+
| --1.3333333333333333 |
*----------------------*/
SELECT COVAR_SAMP(y, x) AS results
FROM UNNEST([STRUCT(1.0 AS y, NULL AS x),(9.0, 3.0)])
/*---------*
| results |
+---------+
| NULL |
*---------*/
SELECT COVAR_SAMP(y, x) AS results
FROM UNNEST([STRUCT(1.0 AS y, NULL AS x),(9.0, NULL)])
/*---------*
| results |
+---------+
| NULL |
*---------*/
SELECT COVAR_SAMP(y, x) AS results
FROM
UNNEST(
[
STRUCT(1.0 AS y, 1.0 AS x),
(2.0, 6.0),
(9.0, 3.0),
(2.0, 6.0),
(CAST('Infinity' as FLOAT64), 3.0)])
/*---------*
| results |
+---------+
| NaN |
*---------*/
STDDEV
STDDEV(
[ DISTINCT ]
expression
)
[ OVER over_clause ]
over_clause:
{ named_window | ( [ window_specification ] ) }
window_specification:
[ named_window ]
[ PARTITION BY partition_expression [, ...] ]
[ ORDER BY expression [ { ASC | DESC } ] [, ...] ]
[ window_frame_clause ]
Description
An alias of STDDEV_SAMP.
STDDEV_POP
STDDEV_POP(
[ DISTINCT ]
expression
)
[ OVER over_clause ]
over_clause:
{ named_window | ( [ window_specification ] ) }
window_specification:
[ named_window ]
[ PARTITION BY partition_expression [, ...] ]
[ ORDER BY expression [ { ASC | DESC } ] [, ...] ]
[ window_frame_clause ]
Description
Returns the population (biased) standard deviation of the values. The return result is between 0
and +Inf
.
All numeric types are supported. If the input is NUMERIC
or BIGNUMERIC
then the internal aggregation is stable with the final output converted to a FLOAT64
. Otherwise the input is converted to a FLOAT64
before aggregation, resulting in a potentially unstable result.
This function ignores any NULL
inputs. If all inputs are ignored, this function returns NULL
. If this function receives a single non-NULL
input, it returns 0
.
NaN
is produced if:
NaN
To learn more about the optional aggregate clauses that you can pass into this function, see Aggregate function calls.
This function can be used with the AGGREGATION_THRESHOLD
clause.
If this function is used with the OVER
clause, it's part of a window function call. In a window function call, aggregate function clauses can't be used. To learn more about the OVER
clause and how to use it, see Window function calls.
Return Data Type
FLOAT64
Examples
SELECT STDDEV_POP(x) AS results FROM UNNEST([10, 14, 18]) AS x
/*-------------------*
| results |
+-------------------+
| 3.265986323710904 |
*-------------------*/
SELECT STDDEV_POP(x) AS results FROM UNNEST([10, 14, NULL]) AS x
/*---------*
| results |
+---------+
| 2 |
*---------*/
SELECT STDDEV_POP(x) AS results FROM UNNEST([10, NULL]) AS x
/*---------*
| results |
+---------+
| 0 |
*---------*/
SELECT STDDEV_POP(x) AS results FROM UNNEST([NULL]) AS x
/*---------*
| results |
+---------+
| NULL |
*---------*/
SELECT STDDEV_POP(x) AS results FROM UNNEST([10, 14, CAST('Infinity' as FLOAT64)]) AS x
/*---------*
| results |
+---------+
| NaN |
*---------*/
STDDEV_SAMP
STDDEV_SAMP(
[ DISTINCT ]
expression
)
[ OVER over_clause ]
over_clause:
{ named_window | ( [ window_specification ] ) }
window_specification:
[ named_window ]
[ PARTITION BY partition_expression [, ...] ]
[ ORDER BY expression [ { ASC | DESC } ] [, ...] ]
[ window_frame_clause ]
Description
Returns the sample (unbiased) standard deviation of the values. The return result is between 0
and +Inf
.
All numeric types are supported. If the input is NUMERIC
or BIGNUMERIC
then the internal aggregation is stable with the final output converted to a FLOAT64
. Otherwise the input is converted to a FLOAT64
before aggregation, resulting in a potentially unstable result.
This function ignores any NULL
inputs. If there are fewer than two non-NULL
inputs, this function returns NULL
.
NaN
is produced if:
NaN
To learn more about the optional aggregate clauses that you can pass into this function, see Aggregate function calls.
This function can be used with the AGGREGATION_THRESHOLD
clause.
If this function is used with the OVER
clause, it's part of a window function call. In a window function call, aggregate function clauses can't be used. To learn more about the OVER
clause and how to use it, see Window function calls.
Return Data Type
FLOAT64
Examples
SELECT STDDEV_SAMP(x) AS results FROM UNNEST([10, 14, 18]) AS x
/*---------*
| results |
+---------+
| 4 |
*---------*/
SELECT STDDEV_SAMP(x) AS results FROM UNNEST([10, 14, NULL]) AS x
/*--------------------*
| results |
+--------------------+
| 2.8284271247461903 |
*--------------------*/
SELECT STDDEV_SAMP(x) AS results FROM UNNEST([10, NULL]) AS x
/*---------*
| results |
+---------+
| NULL |
*---------*/
SELECT STDDEV_SAMP(x) AS results FROM UNNEST([NULL]) AS x
/*---------*
| results |
+---------+
| NULL |
*---------*/
SELECT STDDEV_SAMP(x) AS results FROM UNNEST([10, 14, CAST('Infinity' as FLOAT64)]) AS x
/*---------*
| results |
+---------+
| NaN |
*---------*/
VAR_POP
VAR_POP(
[ DISTINCT ]
expression
)
[ OVER over_clause ]
over_clause:
{ named_window | ( [ window_specification ] ) }
window_specification:
[ named_window ]
[ PARTITION BY partition_expression [, ...] ]
[ ORDER BY expression [ { ASC | DESC } ] [, ...] ]
[ window_frame_clause ]
Description
Returns the population (biased) variance of the values. The return result is between 0
and +Inf
.
All numeric types are supported. If the input is NUMERIC
or BIGNUMERIC
then the internal aggregation is stable with the final output converted to a FLOAT64
. Otherwise the input is converted to a FLOAT64
before aggregation, resulting in a potentially unstable result.
This function ignores any NULL
inputs. If all inputs are ignored, this function returns NULL
. If this function receives a single non-NULL
input, it returns 0
.
NaN
is produced if:
NaN
If this function is used with the OVER
clause, it's part of a window function call. In a window function call, aggregate function clauses can't be used. To learn more about the OVER
clause and how to use it, see Window function calls.
Return Data Type
FLOAT64
Examples
SELECT VAR_POP(x) AS results FROM UNNEST([10, 14, 18]) AS x
/*--------------------*
| results |
+--------------------+
| 10.666666666666666 |
*--------------------*/
SELECT VAR_POP(x) AS results FROM UNNEST([10, 14, NULL]) AS x
/*----------*
| results |
+---------+
| 4 |
*---------*/
SELECT VAR_POP(x) AS results FROM UNNEST([10, NULL]) AS x
/*----------*
| results |
+---------+
| 0 |
*---------*/
SELECT VAR_POP(x) AS results FROM UNNEST([NULL]) AS x
/*---------*
| results |
+---------+
| NULL |
*---------*/
SELECT VAR_POP(x) AS results FROM UNNEST([10, 14, CAST('Infinity' as FLOAT64)]) AS x
/*---------*
| results |
+---------+
| NaN |
*---------*/
VAR_SAMP
VAR_SAMP(
[ DISTINCT ]
expression
)
[ OVER over_clause ]
over_clause:
{ named_window | ( [ window_specification ] ) }
window_specification:
[ named_window ]
[ PARTITION BY partition_expression [, ...] ]
[ ORDER BY expression [ { ASC | DESC } ] [, ...] ]
[ window_frame_clause ]
Description
Returns the sample (unbiased) variance of the values. The return result is between 0
and +Inf
.
All numeric types are supported. If the input is NUMERIC
or BIGNUMERIC
then the internal aggregation is stable with the final output converted to a FLOAT64
. Otherwise the input is converted to a FLOAT64
before aggregation, resulting in a potentially unstable result.
This function ignores any NULL
inputs. If there are fewer than two non-NULL
inputs, this function returns NULL
.
NaN
is produced if:
NaN
To learn more about the optional aggregate clauses that you can pass into this function, see Aggregate function calls.
This function can be used with the AGGREGATION_THRESHOLD
clause.
If this function is used with the OVER
clause, it's part of a window function call. In a window function call, aggregate function clauses can't be used. To learn more about the OVER
clause and how to use it, see Window function calls.
Return Data Type
FLOAT64
Examples
SELECT VAR_SAMP(x) AS results FROM UNNEST([10, 14, 18]) AS x
/*---------*
| results |
+---------+
| 16 |
*---------*/
SELECT VAR_SAMP(x) AS results FROM UNNEST([10, 14, NULL]) AS x
/*---------*
| results |
+---------+
| 8 |
*---------*/
SELECT VAR_SAMP(x) AS results FROM UNNEST([10, NULL]) AS x
/*---------*
| results |
+---------+
| NULL |
*---------*/
SELECT VAR_SAMP(x) AS results FROM UNNEST([NULL]) AS x
/*---------*
| results |
+---------+
| NULL |
*---------*/
SELECT VAR_SAMP(x) AS results FROM UNNEST([10, 14, CAST('Infinity' as FLOAT64)]) AS x
/*---------*
| results |
+---------+
| NaN |
*---------*/
VARIANCE
VARIANCE(
[ DISTINCT ]
expression
)
[ OVER over_clause ]
over_clause:
{ named_window | ( [ window_specification ] ) }
window_specification:
[ named_window ]
[ PARTITION BY partition_expression [, ...] ]
[ ORDER BY expression [ { ASC | DESC } ] [, ...] ]
[ window_frame_clause ]
Description
An alias of VAR_SAMP.
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