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cibuildwheel

cibuildwheel

cibuildwheel¶

Python wheels are great. Building them across Mac, Linux, Windows, on multiple versions of Python, is not.

cibuildwheel is here to help. cibuildwheel runs on your CI server - currently it supports GitHub Actions, Azure Pipelines, Travis CI, CircleCI, and GitLab CI - and it builds and tests your wheels across all of your platforms.

What does it do?¶

While cibuildwheel itself requires a recent Python version to run (we support the last three releases), it can target the following versions to build wheels:

macOS Intel macOS Apple Silicon Windows 64bit Windows 32bit Windows Arm64 manylinux
musllinux x86_64 manylinux
musllinux i686 manylinux
musllinux aarch64 manylinux
musllinux ppc64le manylinux
musllinux s390x manylinux
musllinux armv7l iOS Pyodide CPython 3.8 ✅ ✅ ✅ ✅ N/A ✅ ✅ ✅ ✅ ✅ ✅⁵ N/A N/A CPython 3.9 ✅ ✅ ✅ ✅ ✅² ✅ ✅ ✅ ✅ ✅ ✅⁵ N/A N/A CPython 3.10 ✅ ✅ ✅ ✅ ✅² ✅ ✅ ✅ ✅ ✅ ✅⁵ N/A N/A CPython 3.11 ✅ ✅ ✅ ✅ ✅² ✅ ✅ ✅ ✅ ✅ ✅⁵ N/A N/A CPython 3.12 ✅ ✅ ✅ ✅ ✅² ✅ ✅ ✅ ✅ ✅ ✅⁵ N/A ✅⁴ CPython 3.13³ ✅ ✅ ✅ ✅ ✅² ✅ ✅ ✅ ✅ ✅ ✅⁵ ✅ N/A CPython 3.14³ ✅ ✅ ✅ ✅ ✅² ✅ ✅ ✅ ✅ ✅ ✅⁵ ✅ N/A PyPy 3.8 v7.3 ✅ ✅ ✅ N/A N/A ✅¹ ✅¹ ✅¹ N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A PyPy 3.9 v7.3 ✅ ✅ ✅ N/A N/A ✅¹ ✅¹ ✅¹ N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A PyPy 3.10 v7.3 ✅ ✅ ✅ N/A N/A ✅¹ ✅¹ ✅¹ N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A PyPy 3.11 v7.3 ✅ ✅ ✅ N/A N/A ✅¹ ✅¹ ✅¹ N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A GraalPy 3.11 v24.2 ✅ ✅ ✅ N/A N/A ✅¹ N/A ✅¹ N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

^{¹ PyPy & GraalPy are only supported for manylinux wheels.}
^{² Windows arm64 support is experimental.}
^{³ Free-threaded mode requires opt-in using enable.}
^{⁴ Experimental, not yet supported on PyPI, but can be used directly in web deployment. Use --platform pyodide to build.}
^{⁵ manylinux armv7l support is experimental. As there are no RHEL based image for this architecture, it's using an Ubuntu based image instead.}

Builds manylinux, musllinux, macOS 10.9+ (10.13+ for Python 3.12+), and Windows wheels for CPython, PyPy, and GraalPy
Works on GitHub Actions, Azure Pipelines, Travis CI, CircleCI, GitLab CI, and Cirrus CI
Bundles shared library dependencies on Linux and macOS through auditwheel and delocate
Runs your library's tests against the wheel-installed version of your library

See the cibuildwheel 1 documentation if you need to build unsupported versions of Python, such as Python 2.

Usage¶

cibuildwheel runs inside a CI service. Supported platforms depend on which service you're using:

Linux macOS Windows Linux ARM macOS ARM Windows ARM iOS GitHub Actions ✅ ✅ ✅ ✅ ✅ ✅ ✅³ Azure Pipelines ✅ ✅ ✅ ✅ ✅² ✅³ Travis CI ✅ ✅ ✅ CircleCI ✅ ✅ ✅ ✅ ✅³ Gitlab CI ✅ ✅ ✅ ✅¹ ✅ ✅³ Cirrus CI ✅ ✅ ✅ ✅ ✅

^{¹ Requires emulation, distributed separately. Other services may also support Linux ARM through emulation or third-party build hosts, but these are not tested in our CI.}
^{² Uses cross-compilation. It is not possible to test arm64 on this CI platform.}
^{³ Requires a macOS runner; runs tests on the simulator for the runner's architecture.}

To get started, head over to the setup guide.

How it works¶

This diagram summarises the steps that cibuildwheel takes on each platform to build your package's wheels.

Linux

macOS

Windows

For each version of Python

This isn't exhaustive, for a full list of the things cibuildwheel can do, check the options page.

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