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Building guide

Asterius is organized as a stack project at the moment. The reason is mainly historical: stack has builtin support for managing different sandboxed GHC installations, and we used to require a custom GHC fork to build, so using stack has been more convenient.

In principle, building with cabal should also work, but this hasn't been tested on CI yet. Some additional work is needed (checking in generated .cabal files, setting up a cabal project, etc) and PRs are welcome.

In addition to regular GHC dependencies, these dependencies are needed in the local environment:

• git
• binaryen (at least version_98)
• automake, autoconf (required by ahc-boot)
• cabal (at least v3.0.0.0)
• node, npm (at least v12)
• python3
• stack
• wasi-sdk (the WASI_SDK_PREFIX environment variable must point to the installation)

After checking out, one needs to run a script to generate the in-tree private GHC API packages required by Asterius.

$ mkdir lib
$ pushd lib
$ ../utils/make-packages.py
$ rm -rf ghc
$ popd

The make-packages.py script will checkout our custom GHC fork, run hadrian to generate some autogen files, and generate several Haskell packages in lib. A run takes ~5min on CI. This script only needs to be run once. After that, Asterius can be built using vanilla GHC.

If it's inconvenient to run make-packages.py, it's also possible to download the generated packages from the CI artifacts. Check the CI log of a recent commit, and one of the artifacts is named lib. Download and unzip it in the project root directory.

After checking out and running make-packages.py, simply run stack build asterius to build it.

After the asterius package is built, run stack exec ahc-boot to perform booting. This will compile the standard libraries to WebAssembly and populate the asterius global package database. Some packages are compiled using ahc-cabal in the boot process, so internet is required at least for the first boot.

After the booting process completes, it's possible to use stack exec to call executables of asterius, e.g. ahc-link or ahc-cabal. Although it's possible to use stack install asterius to install the executables to somewhere in PATH and directly call them later, this is not recommended, since the asterius executables rely on certain components in the PATH set up by stack exec.

If direnv is enabled, then the shell session can automatically set up the correct PATH when navigating into the asterius project directory. Thus it's possible to directly call ahc-boot for booting, ahc-link for compiling, etc.

For trying small examples, it's convenient to put them in the test directory under the project root directory, since it's a .gitignore item, so they won't be tracked by git.

The recommended way of trying asterius is using our prebuilt Docker image on Docker Hub. The image is updated regularly upon new master branch commits, and also ships ~2k prebuilt packages from a recent stackage snapshot, so it's convenient to test simple examples which use common dependencies without needing to set up a cabal project.

To use the image, mount the working directory containing the Haskell source code as a Docker shared volume, then use the ahc-link program:

username@hostname:~/project$ docker run --rm -it -v $(pwd):/project -w /project terrorjack/asterius
asterius@hostname:/project$ ahc-link --input-hs main.hs

Check the official reference of docker run to learn more about the command given in the example above. The example opens an interactive bash session for exploration, but it's also possible to use docker run to invoke the Asterius compiler on local Haskell source files. Note that podman can be used instead of docker here.

The prebuilt Docker image can be reproduced by building from the in-tree Dockerfiles.

base.Dockerfile can be used for building the base image. The base image contains an out-of-the-box installation of asterius, but doesn't come with the additional stackage packages. There's very aggressive trimming logic in base.Dockerfile to make the image slimmer, so in the resulting base image, there isn't a complete stack project directory for asterius, and it's not possible to modify the Haskell logic of asterius and partially rebuild/reboot it given a base image.

stackage.Dockerfile can be used for building the image containing additional stackage packages upon the base image. Modify lts.sh for adding/removing packages to be built into the final image, and ghc-toolkit/boot-libs/cabal.config for modifying the package version constraints. All the stackage packages are installed into the asterius global package database, so they can be directly used by ahc-link, but this shouldn't affect ahc-cabal for installing other versions of those packages elsewhere.

dev.Dockerfile is used to build terrorjack/asterius:dev, which is the image for VSCode remote containers.

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