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Showing content from https://arduinojson.org/v5/api/jsonbuffer/parse/ below:

JsonBuffer::parse() | ArduinoJson 5

Description

Parses a JSON input and returns a JsonVariant which can contain an array or an object.

Use this function when you cannot know the type of input at compile-time; otherwise prefer JsonBuffer::parseArray() and JsonBuffer::parseObject().

By design, the parser needs to alter the string to insert null-terminators and replace escaped chars. If the JSON string is read-only, it will have to duplicate the input string, this consume more space in the JsonBuffer. Therefore, it’s recommended to have a JSON input in a char[] or a char*.

Signatures

// The first overload, which accepts a modifiable array of chars, is the most efficient
// since it allows the zero-copy feature.
JsonVariant parse(char* json, uint8_t nestingLimit=10);

// The following overloads, which accept read-only strings, require a bigger JsonBuffer
// because parts of the JSON input has to be copied.
JsonVariant parse(const char* json, uint8_t nestingLimit=10);
JsonVariant parse(const String& json, uint8_t nestingLimit=10);
JsonVariant parse(const std::string& json, uint8_t nestingLimit=10);
JsonVariant parse(const __FlashStringHelper* json, uint8_t nestingLimit=10);

// The two last overloads, which accept input streams, make copy of the input too.
JsonVariant parse(Stream& json, uint8_t nestingLimit=10);
JsonVariant parse(std::istream& json, uint8_t nestingLimit=10);

Arguments

json is the input string to be parsed.

nestingLimit specifies the maximum level of nesting allowed in the JSON string. If set to 0, only a flat array or object can be parsed. If set to 1, the array or object can contain nested arrays or objects but only 1 level deep. And bigger values will allow more level of nesting. The purpose of this feature is to prevent stack overflow that could lead to a security risk.

Return value

Returns a JsonVariant which contains a reference JsonArray or to a JsonObject.

Use JsonVariant::is<T>() to check the type of the value.

How to view the JSON input?

When you pass a Stream to JsonBuffer::parse(), it consumes the input but doesn’t print anything to the serial port, which makes troubleshooting difficult.

If you want to see what JsonBuffer::parse() consumed, use ReadLoggingStream from the StreamUtils library.

Performance

When you pass a Stream to JsonBuffer::parse(), it consumes bytes one by one, which can be slow depending on the input you use. For example, if you read from a SPIFFS file, you can read twenty times faster by reading chunks of 64 bytes.

To read the stream in chunks, you can use ReadBufferingStream from the StreamUtils library.

Example

char json[] = "[\"hello\",\"world\"]";

StaticJsonBuffer<200> jsonBuffer;
JsonVariant variant = jsonBuffer.parse(json);

if (variant.is<JsonArray>()) // true in this example
{
    JsonArray& array = variant;
    const char* hello = array[0];
    const char* world = array[1];

}