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Showing content from https://18.react.dev/reference/react-dom/server/renderToString below:

renderToString – React

renderToString renders a React tree to an HTML string.

const html = renderToString(reactNode, options?)

Reference renderToString(reactNode, options?)

On the server, call renderToString to render your app to HTML.

import { renderToString } from 'react-dom/server';

const html = renderToString(<App />);

On the client, call hydrateRoot to make the server-generated HTML interactive.

See more examples below.

Parameters Returns

An HTML string.

Caveats Usage Rendering a React tree as HTML to a string

Call renderToString to render your app to an HTML string which you can send with your server response:

import { renderToString } from 'react-dom/server';

// The route handler syntax depends on your backend framework

app.use('/', (request, response) => {

const html = renderToString(<App />);

response.send(html);

});

This will produce the initial non-interactive HTML output of your React components. On the client, you will need to call hydrateRoot to hydrate that server-generated HTML and make it interactive.

Alternatives Migrating from renderToString to a streaming method on the server

renderToString returns a string immediately, so it does not support streaming or waiting for data.

When possible, we recommend using these fully-featured alternatives:

You can continue using renderToString if your server environment does not support streams.

Removing renderToString from the client code

Sometimes, renderToString is used on the client to convert some component to HTML.

// 🚩 Unnecessary: using renderToString on the client

import { renderToString } from 'react-dom/server';

const html = renderToString(<MyIcon />);

console.log(html); // For example, "<svg>...</svg>"

Importing react-dom/server on the client unnecessarily increases your bundle size and should be avoided. If you need to render some component to HTML in the browser, use createRoot and read HTML from the DOM:

import { createRoot } from 'react-dom/client';

import { flushSync } from 'react-dom';

const div = document.createElement('div');

const root = createRoot(div);

flushSync(() => {

root.render(<MyIcon />);

});

console.log(div.innerHTML); // For example, "<svg>...</svg>"

The flushSync call is necessary so that the DOM is updated before reading its innerHTML property.

Troubleshooting When a component suspends, the HTML always contains a fallback

renderToString does not fully support Suspense.

If some component suspends (for example, because it’s defined with lazy or fetches data), renderToString will not wait for its content to resolve. Instead, renderToString will find the closest <Suspense> boundary above it and render its fallback prop in the HTML. The content will not appear until the client code loads.

To solve this, use one of the recommended streaming solutions. They can stream content in chunks as it resolves on the server so that the user sees the page being progressively filled in before the client code loads.


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