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Walters Ms. W.33, Melk missalBrowse images (Browse images in a new window) | TEI in XML format
Abstract
This missal, which dates to the late twelfth or early thirteenth century, was made for the Benedictine abbey of Melk (or possibly Seitenstetten) in Lower Austria, as indicated by the inclusion of local saints. The surviving volume of a multi-volume missal, the manuscript contains only the ordinary of the mass and the "summer part," with the temporale running from Holy Saturday through the Sunday after Trinity Sunday and the sanctorale beginning with the feast of Primus and Felicianus (June 9) and ending with St. Andrew (November 30). Most notable about the manuscript are its skilled pen drawings, including two full-page miniatures depicting Christ in Majesty and the Crucifixion, as well as sixteen ornate initials, three of which are by the artist known as Gottschalk of Lambach.
Date
Late 12th--early 13th century CE
Artist
Authority name: Gottschalk, 12th cent.
Known as: Gottschalk of Lambach
Language:
The primary language in this manuscript is Latin.
Support material
Parchment
Cream-colored parchment of medium thickness; quality varies, with many original holes and some irregularly shaped folios due to using the very edges of the skin
Extent
Foliation: 288
Modern pencil foliation in upper right corners (followed here) running from fols. 1-284, omitting four leaves (now fols. 85*, 132*, 202*, and 248*); some inconsistent pencil foliation in lower right corners; roman-numeral foliation (fifteenth century?) in middle upper margins
Collation
Formula: 1-24(8), 25(10,-8), 26-31(8), 32(10,-8), 33-35(8), 36(6)
Catchwords: None
Signatures: None
Comments: Quires begin on fols. 1(1), 9(2), 17(3), 25(4), 33(5), 41(6), 49(7), 57(8), 65(9), 73(10), 81(11), 88(12), 96(13), 104(14), 112(15), 120(16), 128(17), 135(18), 143(19), 151(20), 159(21), 167(22), 175(23), 183(24), 191(25), 200(26), 207(27), 215(28), 223(29), 231(30), 239(31), 247(32), 255(33), 263(34), 271(35), 279(36); third leaf of quire 25 (fol. 193) and third leaf of quire 32 (fol. 248bis) tipped in; bifolium 50-51 presently unsewn and glued in, presumably when fol. 248bis was tipped in; quire 36 misbound; correct order of folios is 279, 284, 280, 281, 282, 283
Dimensions
17.0 cm wide by 26.5 cm high
Written surface
10.9 cm wide by 19.7 cm high
Layout
Contents:
fols. 1r - 284v:Decoration:
fol. 1v:
The inscription reads: LUX EGO. FONS VITE. PAX GRATIA SIM SITIS IN TE. O MENS SINCERA ME. MENTE. FIDE. PETE. SPERA.
fol. 2r:
fol. 2v:
Titulus is inscribed: IESUS NAZARENUS REX IUDEORUM. The circular inscription reads: CARNE DOMINUM CRUCIFIXUM CORDE TENEFIXUM CARO.
fol. 3r:
fol. 7v:
fol. 9r:
fol. 53v:
fol. 62r:
fol. 132r:
fol. 143r:
fol. 149v:
Binding
The binding is not original.
Austrian fifteenth-century beech boards covered with brown calfskin stamped with inscribed scrolls containing German poetic inscriptions; Clarkson notes in the Walters file that letters are raised and therefore cannot have been directly impressed with movable type as suggested by Miner and Goldschmidt; much restored; pastedowns of manuscript waste: front pastedown in twelfth-century Gothic bookhand (1 Chronicles, 2:33-43), back pastedown in fifteenth-century German cursive hybrid bookhand (breviary)
Provenance
Benedictine abbey of Melk or possibly Seitenstetten, evinced by the patron saints of Melk, Peter and Paul, and Cholomannus (fol. 212r); liturgy for use in Melk diocese, so appears to have been made for the abbey in the late twelfth or early thirteenth century
Seitenstetten Stiftsbibliothek Ms. 127, acquired before 1913; described in 1913 Swarzenski publication
Jacques Rosenthal bookplate on inside of upper board, cat. 90, 1928
Henry Walters, Baltimore, before 1931
Acquisition
Walters Art Museum, 1931, by Henry Walters' bequest
Bibliography
Swarzenski, Georg. Die Salzburger Malerei von den ersten Anfängen bis zur Blütezeit des romanischen Stils. Leipzig: Karl W. Hiersemann, 1913, pp. 153, 165, pl. 121, figs. 406-407 (fols. 1v, 2v).
Bibliotheca Medii Aevi Manuscripta. Pars Altera: Einhundert Handschriften des Mittelalters vom zehnten bis zum fünfzehnten Jahrhunderts. Munich: Jacques Rosenthal, 1928, pp. 88-90, no. 167, pl. 17 (fol. 1v).
Davis, Lisa Fagin. The Gottschalk Antiphonary: Music and Liturgy in Twelfth-Century Lambach. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2000, pp. 25-26.
Miner, Dorothy E. "The Development of Medieval Illumination." Catholic Life Annual 1 (1958): 14-15, fig. 5 (fol. 9r).
Pirker-Aurenhammer, Veronika. Die Gumbertusbibel: Codex 1 der Universitätsbibliothek Erlangen: Ein Regensburger Bildprogramm des späten 12 Jahrhunderts. Regensburg, Germany: UniversitaÌtsverlag Regensburg, 1998, p. 140., no. 74.
Walters Art Gallery. The History of Bookbinding 525-1950 A.D.: An Exhibition Held at the Baltimore Museum of Art, November 12, 1957, to January 12, 1958. Baltimore: Trustees of the Walters Art Gallery, 1957, pp. 65-66, no. 152.
Holcomb, Melanie. Pen and Parchment: Drawing in the Middle Ages. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art; New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2009, pp. 100-102, no. 26.
Holter, Kurt. "Neue Beiträge zur Geschichte der Stiftsbibliothek Lambach im hohen mittelalter." In Kunstgeschichte und Denkmalpflege: Festschrift für Norbert Wibiral zum 65. Geburtstag. Georg Heilingsetzer, ed. Linz, Austria: Musealverein, 1986, pp. 85-98.
Holter, Kurt. "Initialen aus einer Lambacher Handschrift des 12. Jahrhundert." Wiener Jahrbuch für Kunstgeschichte 46-47 (1993-4): 255-265.
Hoffmann, Konrad. The Year 1200: Between Romanesque and Gothic. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1970, p. 289, no. 282 (fol. 1v).
GlaÃner, Christine, and Alois Haidinger. Die Anfänge der Melker Bibliothek: Neue Erkenntnisse zu Handschriften und Fragmenten aus der Zeit vor 1200. Melk, Austria: Verlag Stift Melk, 1996, pp. 86, 91.
De Ricci, Seymour. Census of Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts in the United States and Canada. Vol. 1. New York: H. W. Wilson Company, 1935, p. 775, no. 115.
Huglo, Michel. "Souvenirs énchantes de la Walters Art Gallery." Journal of the Walters Art Gallery 54 (1996): 1-8.
Toledo Museum of Art. Medieval and Renaissance Music Manuscripts. Toledo, 1953, p. 10, no. 28, pl. 5 (fol. 9r).
Walters Art Gallery. Illuminated Books of the Middle Ages and Renaissance: An Exhibition Held at the Baltimore Museum of Art. Baltimore: Trustees of the Walters Art Gallery, 1949, p. 14, no. 30, pl. 18 (fol. 9r).
Contributors
Cataloger: Walters Art Museum curatorial staff and researchers since 1934
Editors: Herbert, Lynley; Noel, William
Copy editor: Bockrath, Diane
Conservators: Owen, Linda; Quandt, Abigail
Contributors: Bockrath, Diane; Clarkson, Christopher; Davis, Lisa Fagin; Dutschke, Consuelo; Emery, Doug; Hamburger, Jeffrey; Noel, William; Sciacca, Christine; Tabritha, Ariel; Toth, Michael B.
Publisher
The Walters Art Museum
License
Licensed for use under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported Access Rights, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/legalcode. It is requested that copies of any published articles based on the information in this data set be sent to the curator of manuscripts, The Walters Art Museum, 600 North Charles Street, Baltimore MD 21201.
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