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Apr 8 563 BC: Gautama Buddha. Sep 28 551 BC: Confucius. Jan 3 106 BC: Marcus Tullius Cicero, orator & statesman, Arpinum. Jul 12 100 BC: Julius Caesar, soldier & politician, Rome. Oct 15 70 BC: Virgil, poet, Andes, Tuscany. Dec 8 65 BC: Horace, poet, Venusia. Sep 23 63 BC: Augustus Caesar, politician & god, Rome. Mar 20 43 BC: Ovid, poet, Sulmona, the Abruzzi, Italy. Aug 1 9 BC: Tiberius Claudius Germanicus, emperor, Lyons. Nov 23 1221: Alfonso X (el Sabio), monarch & music collector, Toledo. Sep 22 1290 (Shire reckoning): Bilbo Baggins, bearer of the Ring. Oct 31 1291: Philippe de Vitry, composer & musicologist, Paris. Jul 20 1304: Petrarch, poet, Arezzo, Tuscany. Sep 22 1368 (Shire reckoning): Frodo Baggins, bearer of the Ring. Aug 9 1387: Henry V of England. Jan 6 1412: Joan of Arc, soldier, Domremy, France. Aug 13 1422: William Caxton, first English printer, Kent. Nov 22 1450: Jacob Obrecht, composer, Bergen op Zoon, Netherlands. Mar 9 1451: Amerigo Vespucci, explorer & teller of tall tales, Florence. Apr 15 1452: Leonardo da Vinci, painter & polymath, Vinci. Oct 2 1452: Richard III of England, Fotheringhay Castle. Jan 28 1457: Henry Tudor, later Henry VII of England, usurper. Jul 12 1468: Juan del Encina, poet & composer, Salamanca. May 3 1469: Nicolo Machiavelli, philosopher, Florence. May 21 1471: Albrecht Durer, painter, Nuremberg. Feb 19 1473: Mikolaj Kopernik ("Copernicus"), astronomer, Poland. Sep 8 1474: Ludovico Ariosto, poet & playwright, Reggio. Mar 6 1475: Michaelangelo Buonarroti, sculptor, painter, architect, & poet. Feb 7 1478: Sir Thomas More, polymath, Cheapside, England. Nov 10 1483: Martin Luther, theologian & religious leader, Eisleben, Germany. Jun 28 1491: Henry VIII of England, Greenwich. Feb 18 1515: Mary Tudor ("Bloody Mary"), London. Feb 28 1533: Michel Eyquem de Montaigne, philosopher, Perigord, France. Dec 7 1542: Mary Stuart ("Mary, Queen of Scots"), Linlithgow, West Lothian. Feb 24 1547: Don Juan of Austria, victor at Lepanto, Regensburg. Oct 9 1547: Miguel de Cervantes, novelist, Alcala de Henares, Spain (bapt.). May 2 1551: William Camden, historian, London. Nov 30 1554: Sir Philip Sydney, poet & soldier. Feb 8 1557: Robert Burton, au. of "Anatomy of Melancholy", Lindley, England. Nov 6 1558: Thomas Kyd, playwright, London. Oct 26 1564: Hans Leo Hassler, composer, Nuremberg (bapt.) Feb 15 1564: Galileo Galilei, astronomer & physicist, Pisa. Apr 23 1564: William Shakespeare, playwright & poet, Stratford upon Avon. Feb 6 1564: Christopher Marlowe, poet & playwright, Canterbury. May 15 1567: Claudio Monteverdi, composer, Cremona. Sep 3 1568: Adriano Banchieri, composer & theorist, Bologna. Dec 27 1571: Johannes Kepler, astronomer. Feb 15 1571: Michael Praetorius, composer & musicologist, Hamburg. Jun 11 1572: Ben Jonson, soldier, poet, & playwright, Westminster. Oct 25 1576: Thomas Weelkes, composer, Elsted (bapt.) Oct 9 1585: Heinrich Schuetz, composer & musicologist, Bad Loestriz (bapt.) Jan 20 1586: Johann Hermann Schein, composer, Gruenhain. Aug 18 1587: Virginia Dare, first English child born in America. Aug 24 1591: Robert Herrick, poet, London (bapt.). Aug 9 1593: Izaak Walton, au. of "The Compleat Angler", Stafford, England. Jul 15 1606: Rembrandt van Rijn, painter, Amsterdam. Jun 6 1606: Pierre Corneille, playwright, Rouen, France. Dec 9 1608: John Milton, poet, Cheapside. Feb 8 1612: Samuel Butler, poet & satirist, Strensham, England. Oct 31 1620: John Evelyn, founder of the Royal Society, Wotton, Surrey. Jul 8 1621: La Fontaine, fabulist, Chateau-Thierry, France. Jan 15 1622: Jean Baptiste Poquelin ("Moliere"), playwright, Paris (bapt.). Jun 19 1623: Blaise Pascal, philosopher & mathematician, Clermond-Ferrand. Nov 28 1628: John Bunyan, au. of "Pilgrim's Progress", Bedford. May 29 1630: Charles II of England, London. Nov 28 1632: Jean-Baptiste Lully, composer, Florence. Nov 24 1632: Baruch Spinoza, philosopher, Amsterdam. Feb 23 1633: Samuel Pepys, diarist & naval planner, London. Dec 22 1639: Jean-Baptiste Racine, poet, La Ferte-Milon, France. Dec 14 1640: Aphra Behn, playwright, Canterbury (bapt.). Dec 25 1642: Sir Isaac Newton, mathematician & physicist, Woolstorpe, Lincs. Sep 21 1645: Louis Joliet, explorer. Feb 23 1649: John Blow, composer, Newark (bapt.). May 31 1656: Marin Marais, composer & viol player, Paris. Sep 1 1657: Johannes Pachobel, composer, Nuremberg (bapt.). May 2 1660: Alessandro Scarlatti, composer, Palermo. Nov 30 1667: Jonathan Swift, poet & satirist, Dublin. Nov 10 1668: Francois Couperin, harpsichordist & composer, Paris. Feb 10 1670: William Congreve, playwright, Yorkshire (bapt.). Jan 17 1751: Tomaso Giovanni Albinoni, composer, Venice. Nov 6 1671: Colley Cibber, first poet laureate of England, London. Nov 7 1671: William Stukeley, antiquarian, Holbeach, Lincolnshire. May 1 1672: Joseph Addison, essayist, Milston, Wiltshire. May 30 1672: Peter the Great, tsar of all the Russias, Moscow. Mar 14 1681: Georg Philipp Telemann, composer, Magdeburg. Oct 26 1685: Domenico Scarlatti, composer, Naples. Feb 23 1685: George Frederick Handel, composer, Halle. Mar 21 1685: Johann Sebastian Bach, composer, Eisenbach. May 14 1686: Gabriel Fahrenheit, inventor of the mercury thermometer, Danzig. May 21 1688: Alexander Pope, poet, London. Dec 23 1689: Joseph Bodin Boismortier, composer, Thionville. Jan 18 1689: Charles de Montesquieu, philosopher, Bordeaux. Nov 21 1694: Francois Marie Arouet ("Voltaire"), writer, Paris. Nov 10 1697: William Hogarth, painter & illustrator, London. Jan 17 1706: Benjamin Franklin, polymath, Boston. May 23 1707: Carolus Linnaeus, founder of botanical nomenclature, Sweden. Apr 21 1707: Henry Fielding, novelist & pamphleteer, Somerset, England. Sep 18 1709: Samuel Johnson, polymath, Lichfield, Staffordshire. Apr 26 1711: David Hume, philosopher, Edinburgh. Jun 28 1712: Jean-Jacques Rousseau, polemicist, Geneva. Oct 5 1713: Denis Diderot, encyclopedist, Langres, France. Nov 24 1713: Lawrence Sterne, novelist, Clonmel, County Tipperary. Jul 2 1714: Wilhelm Gluck, composer, Erasbach, Upper Palatinate. Dec 26 1716: Thomas Gray, poet, London. Sep 24 1717: Horace Walpole, novelist. Mar 18 1721: Tobias Smollett, physician & novelist, Dalquhum, Scotland. Apr 11 1722: Christopher Smart, poet, Shipbourne, Kent. Apr 2 1725: Giovanni Casanova, raconteur, Venice. Nov 10 1728: Oliver Goldsmith, poet, County Longford, Ireland. Jan 12 1729: Edmund Burke, statesman, Dublin. Nov 26 1731: William Cowper, poet, Great Berkhamstead, Hertfordshire. Mar 31 1732: Joseph Haydn, composer, Rohrau, Austria. Jan 24 1732: Pierre-Augustin Beaumarchais, creator of "Figaro", Paris. Feb 22 1732: George Washington, farmer & statesman, Bridges Creek, Va (NS). Jan 1 1735: Paul Revere, silversmith & patriot, Boston. May 28 1736: Patrick Henry, orator & patriot. Apr 27 1737: Edward Gibbon, historian, Putney, Surrey. Jan 29 1737: Thomas Paine, pamphleteer, Thetford, England. Aug 18 1740: Antonio Salieri, composer, Italy. Jun 2 1740: Comte Donatien-Alphonse-Francois, Marquis de Sade, Paris. Oct 29 1740: James Boswell, biographer & memoirist, Edinburgh. Mar 31 1742: P. D. Q. Bach, composer & cult figure, Leipzig (trad.) Feb 19 1743: Luigi Boccherini, composer, Lucca. Apr 13 1743: Thomas Jefferson, architect & statesman, Virginia. Oct 7 1746: William Billings, composer & teacher, Boston. Feb 15 1748: Jeremy Bentham, philosopher, London. Aug 28 1749: Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, polymath, Frankfurt-am-Main. Oct 30 1751: Richard Brinsley Sheridan, playwright, Dublin. Nov 20 1752: Thomas Chatterton, poet & forger, Bristol. Jun 13 1752: Fanny Burney, diarist & novelist, King's Lynn, Norfolk. Jul 11 1754: Thomas Bowdler, editor, Ashley, England. Sep 9 1754: William Bligh, navigator. Sep 24 1755: John Marshall, jurist, Prince William Cty, Va. Jan 27 1756: Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, composer, Salzburg. Nov 28 1757: William Blake, poet & artist, London. Oct 16 1758: Noah Webster, lexicographer, West Hartford, Conn. Nov 10 1759: Friedrich von Schiller, poet, Marbach, Wurtemberg. Jan 25 1759: Robert Burns, poet, Alloway, Scotland. Jul 17 1763: John Jacob Astor, fur trader & plutocrat. Sep 25 1764: Jean-Philippe Rameau, harpsichordist & composer, Dijon. Mar 15 1767: Andrew Jackson, soldier & president, South Carolina. Jul 11 1767: John Quincy Adams, president. Sep 4 1768: Francois Reme, Vicomte Chateaubriand, novelist, Saint-Malo, Brittany. Mar 4 1768: Antonio Vivaldi, composer, Venice. Aug 15 1769: Napoleon Bonaparte, Emperor of the French, Corsica. Aug 1 1770: William Clark, explorer, Curolene County, Va. Aug 27 1770: G. W. F. Hegel, philosopher, Berlin. Apr 7 1770: William Wordsworth, poet, Cockermouth, Cumberland. Feb 10 1770: Charles Lamb, essayist, London. Dec 16 1770: Ludwig van Beethoven, composer, Bonn. Aug 15 1771: Sir Walter Scott, novelist, Edinburgh. Oct 21 1772: Samuel Taylor Coleridge, poet & critic, Ottery St. Mary, Devon. Mar 26 1773: Nathaniel Bowditch, navigator. Aug 18 1774: Meriwether Lewis, explorer. Aug 12 1774: Robert Southey, poet, Bristol. Dec 16 1775: Jane Austen, novelist, Steventon, Hampshire. Apr 12 1777: Henry Clay, the Great Compromiser, Hampton Court House, Va. Aug 1 1779: Francis Scott Key, au. of "Star Spangled Banner", New York. Oct 27 1782: Niccolo Paganini, violinist & composer, Genoa. Apr 3 1783: Washington Irving, storyteller, New York City. Jan 23 1783: Marie Henri Beyle ("Stendhal"), novelist, Grenoble, France. Nov 24 1784: Zachary Taylor, soldier & president. Apr 5 1784: Louis Spohr, composer & conductor, Brunswick. Oct 19 1784: Leigh Hunt, poet & essayist, Southgate. Jan 4 1785: Jakob Grimm, philogist, Hanau, Germany. Apr 26 1785: John James Audubon, artist & naturalist, Les Cayes, Haiti. Aug 15 1785: Thomas De Quincey, storyteller, Manchester. Feb 24 1786: Wilhelm Grimm, philologist, Hanau, Germany. Nov 18 1786: Karl Maria von Weber, composer, Eutin, Oldenburg. Apr 30 1787: Karl Friedrich Gauss, mathematician. Oct 24 1788: Sara Hale, au. of "Mary had a little lamb", Newport, NH. Jan 22 1788: George Gordon, Lord Byron, poet, London. Dec 26 1791: Charles Babbage, inventor & mathematician, Totnes, Devonshire. Sep 27 1792: George Cruikshank, caricaturist, London. Aug 4 1792: Percy Bysshe Shelley, poet, Warnham, Sussex. Feb 29 1792: Gioacchino Rossini, composer, Pesaro, Italy. Mar 2 1793: Sam Houston, politician & Texan. Nov 3 1793: Stephen Austin, first president of Texas. Apr 9 1794: Theobald Boehm, inventor of the modern flute, Munich. Nov 3 1794: William Cullen Bryant, poet & newspaperman, Cummington, Mass. Oct 31 1795: John Keats, poet, London. Dec 4 1795: Thomas Carlyle, historian & polemicist, Ecclefechan, Scotland. Jul 15 1796: Thomas Bulfinch, au. of "Bulfinch's Mythology", Newton, Mass. Aug 30 1797: Mary Wollstonecraft Godwin, novelist, London. Dec 13 1797: Heinrich Heine, poet & critic, Dusseldorf. Nov 29 1797: Gaetano Donizetti, composer, Bergamo, Italy. Jan 31 1797: Franz Schubert, composer, Vienna. May 20 1799: Honore Balzac, novelist, Tours. May 23 1799: Thomas Hood, poet, London. Jun 6 1799: Alexander Pushkin, poet & playwright, Moscow. Sep 23 1800: William H. McGuffey, au. of "McGuffey's Reader", Claysville, Pa. Nov 3 1801: Vincenzo Bellini, composer, Catania. Jul 24 1802: Alexander Dumas, pere, novelist, Villers-Cotterets, France. Feb 26 1802: Victor Hugo, novelist, Besancon, France. May 25 1803: Edward Bulwer-Lytton; wrote "It was a dark and stormy night ..." May 25 1803: Ralph Waldo Emerson, philospher, Boston. Dec 11 1803: Hector Berlioz, composer, La Cote-Saint-Andre, France. Dec 21 1804: Benjamin Disraeli, novelist & politician. Jun 1 1804: Mikhail Ivanovich Glinka, composer, Novospasskoye. Jul 1 1804: Amandine-Aurore-Lucie Dupin (George Sand), novelist, Paris. Jul 4 1804: Nathaniel Hawthorne, novelist, Salem, Mass. Jul 29 1805: Alexis de Tocqueville, political philosopher, Paris. Apr 2 1805: Hans Christian Anderson, storyteller, Odense, Denmark. May 20 1806: John Stuart Mill, philosopher, London. Mar 6 1806: Elizabeth Barrett Browning, poet, Durham, England. Dec 17 1807: John Greenleaf Whittier, poet, Haverhill, Mass. Feb 27 1807: Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, versifier, Portland, Maine. Jan 19 1807: Robert E. Lee, soldier. Jun 3 1808: Jefferson Davis, rebel. Aug 6 1809: Alfred, Lord Tennyson, poet, Somerby, Lincolnshire. Aug 29 1809: Oliver Wendell Holmes, jurist, Cambridge, Mass. Mar 31 1809: Nicolai Gogol, novelist & storyteller, the Ukraine. Feb 3 1809: Felix Mendelssohn, composer, Hamburg. Jan 19 1809: Edgar Allan Poe, poet & storyteller, Boston. Feb 12 1809: Charles Darwin, naturalist, Shrewsbury, England. Feb 12 1809: Abraham Lincoln, lawyer & statesman, Hardin County, Ky. Mar 1 1810: Frederic Chopin, composer & pianist, Warsaw. Jun 8 1810: Robert Schumann, composer, Zwichau, Germany. Jul 5 1810: P. T. Barnum, showman extraordinare, New York City. Oct 22 1811: Franz Liszt, composer, pianist, & cult figure, Raiding, Hungary. Jun 14 1811: Harriet Beecher Stowe, au. of "Uncle Tom's Cabin", Litchfield, Ct. Jul 18 1811: William Makepeace Thackeray, journalist & novelist, Calcutta. May 7 1812: Robert Browning, poet, Camberwell, South London. May 12 1812: Edward Lear, poet, Highgate, England. Feb 7 1812: Charles Dickens, novelist, Portsmouth. Oct 10 1813: Guiseppe Verdi, composer, Le Roncole, Italy. May 22 1813: Richard Wagner, composer & dramatist, Leipzig. Jul 19 1814: Samuel Colt, inventor of the revolver, Hartford, Conn. May 18 1814: Mikhail Bakunin, anarchist, Moscow. Nov 6 1814: Adolph Sax, inventor of the saxophone, Paris. Jun 8 1814: Charles Reade, novelist, Ipsden, Oxfordshire. Aug 1 1815: Richard Henry Dana, au. of "Two Years Before the Mast", Cambridge. Apr 24 1815: Anthony Trollope, novelist, London. Nov 2 1815: George Boole, mathematician, Lincoln, England. Apr 20 1816: Charlotte Bronte, novelist, Thornton, Yorkshire. Oct 23 1817: Pierre Larousse, encyclopedist, Toucy, Yonne. Jul 12 1817: Henry David Thoreau, philosopher, Concord, Mass. Jul 30 1818: Emily Bronte, novelist, Thornton, Yorkshire. May 5 1818: Karl Marx, writer & cult figure, Trier, the Rhineland. Nov 9 1818: Ivan Turgenev, novelist & storyteller, Orel, Russia. Jun 17 1818: Charles Gounod, composer, Paris. Sep 13 1819: Clara Wieck Schumann, pianist & composer, Leipzig. Aug 1 1819: Herman Melville, novelist, Carroll Cty., Md. Nov 22 1819: Mary Ann Evans (George Eliot), novelist, Arbury Farm, Warwickshire. Jun 20 1819: Jacques Offenbach, composer, Cologne. May 31 1819: Walt Whitman, poet, West Hills, Long Island. Feb 8 1819: John Ruskin, critic, London. Feb 22 1819: James Russell Lowell, poet, Cambridge, Mass. May 27 1819: Julia Ward Howe, au. of "Battle Hymn of the Republic", New York. Jul 9 1819: Elias Howe, inventor of the sewing machine, Spencer, Mass. Feb 28 1820: John Tenniel, illustrator of "Alice in Wonderland". Mar 25 1820: Anne Bronte, novelist & poet, Thornton, Yorkshire. Mar 30 1820: Anne Sewell, au. of "Black Beauty", Norwich, England. May 12 1820: Florence Nightingale, nurse, Florence, Italy. Mar 19 1821: Richard Francis Burton, explorer & poet, Torquay, England. Apr 9 1821: Charles Baudelaire, poet & critic, Paris. Nov 11 1821: Fyodor Dostoyevsky, novelist, Moscow. Dec 12 1821: Gustave Flaubert, novelist, Rouen. Jul 16 1821: Mary Baker Eddy, founder of Christian Science, New Hampshire. Oct 4 1822: Rutherford B. Hayes, president, Delaware, Ohio. Dec 10 1822: Cesar Franck, composer, Liege, Belgium. Dec 24 1822: Matthew Arnold, poet & critic, Laleham, Middlesex. Apr 27 1822: Ulysses S. Grant, soldier & president, Ohio. Dec 27 1822: Louis Pasteur, scientist. Sep 16 1823: Francis Parkman, historian, Boston. Jul 27 1824: Alexander Dumas, fils, novelist, Paris. Sep 4 1824: Anton Bruckner, composer, Ansfelden, Austria. Mar 2 1824: Bedrich Smetana, composer, Litomischl, Bohemia. Jan 21 1824: Thomas Jonathan "Stonewall" Jackson, soldier. May 4 1825: T. H. Huxley, philosopher, Ealing, England. Jun 12 1827: Johanna Spyri, au. of "Heidi", Hirzel, Switzerland. Sep 9 1828: Leo Tolstoy, novelist & philosopher, Tula, Russia. Mar 20 1828: Henrik Ibsen, playwright, Skien, Norway. May 12 1828: Dante Gabriel Rosseti, poet & painter, London. Feb 8 1828: Jules Verne, novelist, Nantes, France. Feb 12 1828: George Meredith, novelist, Portsmouth. May 8 1829: Louis Moreau Gottschalk, composer & pianist, New Orleans. Dec 5 1830: Christina Rossetti, poet, London. Dec 10 1830: Emily Dickinson, poet, Amherst, Mass. Jan 26 1831: Mary Mapes Dodge, au. of "Hans Brinker", New York City. Jan 27 1832: C. L. Dodgson (Lewis Carroll), mathematician & poet, Daresbury. Nov 29 1832: Louisa May Alcott, novelist, Germantown, Pa. May 7 1833: Johannes Brahms, composer, Hamburg. Nov 11 1833: Alexander Borodin, chemist & composer, St. Petersburg. Aug 20 1833: Benjamin Harrison, president, North Bend, Ohio. Jul 19 1834: Edgar Degas, painter, Paris. Aug 18 1834: Marshall Field, merchant, Conway, Mass. Mar 24 1834: William Morris, author & designer, Walthamstow. Jan 13 1834: Horatio Alger, novelist, Revere, Mass. Nov 30 1835: S. L. Clemens (Mark Twain), novelist & storyteller, Florida, Mo. Oct 9 1835: Camille Saint-Saens, composer, Paris. Nov 18 1836: W. S. Gilbert, poet & satirist, London. Aug 25 1836: Bret Harte, storyteller, Albany, NY. Jan 2 1837: Mily Alexeyevich Balakirev, composer, Nizhny-Novgorod. Apr 5 1837: Charles Algernon Swinburne, poet, London. Feb 7 1837: Sir James Murray, philologist & lexicographer, Roxburghshire, Scot. Mar 1 1837: William Dean Howells, novelist & storyteller, Martin's Ferry, Ohio. Feb 16 1838: Henry Brook Adams, autobiographer, Boston. Oct 25 1838: Georges Bizet, composer, Paris. Jul 9 1839: John D. Rockefeller, founder of Standard Oil & plutocrat. Jan 19 1839: Paul Cezanne, painter, Aix-en-Provence. Mar 21 1839: Modest Mussorgsky, composer, Karevo, Russia. Nov 14 1840: Claude Monet, painter. Apr 2 1840: Emile Zola, novelist & polemicist, Paris. Jun 2 1840: Thomas Hardy, novelist & poet, Higher Brockhampton, England. May 7 1840: Peter Ilich Tchaikovsky, composer, Votinsk, Russia. Sep 8 1841: Antonin Dvorak, composer, Nelahozeves, Bohemia. Feb 24 1842: Arrigo Boito, composer & librettist, Padua. May 13 1842: Sir Arthur Sullivan, composer, London. Jul 24 1842: Ambrose Bierce, journalist & satirist. Mar 18 1842: Stephane Mallarme, poet, Paris. May 12 1842: Jules Massenet, composer, Montaud, France. Jun 24 1842: Ambrose Bierce, newspaperman & storyteller, Meigs County, Ohio. Jan 11 1842: William James, psychologist & philosopher, New York City. Jul 31 1843: Elena Petrovna Blavatsky, spiritualist, Ekaterinoslav, Russia. Apr 15 1843: Henry James, novelist, New York City. Jun 15 1843: Edvard Grieg, composer, Bergen, Norway. Oct 22 1844: Sarah Bernhardt, actress. Feb 21 1844: Charles-Marie Widor, organist & composer, Lyons. Oct 15 1844: Friedrich Nietzsche, philosopher, Lutzen, Saxony. Jul 28 1844: Gerard Manley Hopkins, poet, Stratford, Essex. Apr 16 1844: Anatole France, novelist, Paris. Mar 18 1844: Nicholas Rimsky-Korsakov, composer, Tikhvin, Russia. May 12 1845: Gabriel Faure, composer, Pamiers, Ariege, France. Mar 22 1846: Randolph Caldecott, illustrator; "Caldecott Medal" named for him. Sep 4 1846: Daniel Burnham, architect, Henderson, Ma. Dec 9 1848: Joel Chandler Harris, author of "Uncle Remus", Putnam Cy., Ga. Sep 14 1849: Ivan Pavlov, psychologist, Ryazan. Jul 22 1849: Emma Lazarus, author of "The New Colossus", New York City. Mar 7 1849: Luther Burbank, plant geneticist. Oct 7 1849: James Whitcomb Riley, poet, Greenfield, Ind. Jan 22 1849: August Strindberg, playwright, Stockholm. Jan 27 1850: Samuel Gompers, founder of the American Federation of Labor. Aug 5 1850: Guy de Maupassant, novelist, Chateau de Miromesnil, France. Nov 13 1850: Robert Louis Stevenson, novelist, Edinburgh. Jul 15 1850: Frances Xavier Cabrini, Lodi, Italy. Sep 13 1851: Walter Reed, physician & epidemiologist. Mar 27 1851: Vincent d'Indy, composer, Paris. Sep 23 1852: William Halstead, surgeon & devisor of mastectomy, New York City. Jul 7 1852: John H. Watson, physician & amateur detective (trad.) Mar 30 1853: Vincent Van Gogh, painter, Amsterdam. Jan 6 1854: Sherlock Holmes, detective, near Sigerside, Yorkshire (trad.) Jul 3 1854: Leos Janacek, composer, Hukvaldy, Czech Republic. Oct 16 1854: Oscar Wilde, playwright & wit, Dublin. Oct 20 1854: Arthur Rimbaud, poet, Charleville, France. Nov 6 1854: John Philip Sousa, composer, Washington, D.C. Jan 1 1854: Sir James Frazer, anthropologist, Glasgow. Aug 20 1856: Gail Borden patents process to condense milk. Apr 5 1856: Booker T. Washington, educator. May 6 1856: Sigmund Freud, psychologist, Freiburg, Moravia. May 15 1856: L. Frank Baum, author of "The Wonderful Wizard of Oz", Chittenango, NY. Jun 22 1856: H. Rider Haggard, author of "King Solomon's Mines", Norfolk, England. Jul 26 1856: George Bernard Shaw, playwright, Dublin. Oct 28 1856: Woodrow Wilson, president, South Carolina. Jul 30 1857: Thorstein Veblen, sociologist, Cato, Wis. Mar 23 1857: Fannie Farmer, cook & author, Boston. Dec 3 1857: Joseph Conrad, novelist & storyteller, Berdichev, the Ukraine. Jun 2 1857: Sir Edward Elgar, composer, Broadheath, Worcestershire. Sep 15 1857: William Howard Taft, president. Jan 28 1857: William Burroughs, inventor & businessman, Rochester, NY. Mar 8 1858: Ruggiero Leoncavallo, composer of "I Pagliacci", Naples. Dec 22 1858: Giacomo Puccini, composer, Lucca. Oct 27 1858: Theodore Roosevelt, polymath. Oct 18 1859: Henri Bergson, philosopher, Paris. May 22 1859: Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, physician & storyteller, Edinburgh. Mar 26 1859: A. E. Housman, poet, Fockbury, Worcestershire. Aug 15 1859: Charles Comiskey, baseball entrepreneur, Chicago. Mar 2 1859: Sholem Aleichem, storyteller, Kiev. Aug 13 1860: Annie Oakley, sharpshooter. Sep 6 1860: Jane Addams, founder of Hull House, Cedarville, Ill. May 29 1860: Isaac Albeniz, composer & pianist, Camprodon. Jul 14 1860: Owen Wister, au. of "The Virginian", Philadelphia. May 9 1860: James M. Barrie, au. of "Peter Pan", Kirriemuir, Scotland. Jul 7 1860: Gustav Mahler, composer & conductor, Kalischt, Bohemia. Jan 17 1860: Anton Chekhov, playwright & storyteller, Taganrog, Russia. Feb 24 1860: Daniel Berkeley Updike, typographer, Providence, RI. Mar 13 1860: Hugo Wolf, composer, Windischgraz, Austria. Feb 29 1860: Herman Hollerith, inventor & founder of IBM, Buffalo, NY. Nov 6 1861: James Naismith, inventor of basketball, Ontario. Nov 14 1861: Frederick Jackson Turner, historian, Portage, Wis. Nov 15 1862: Gerhart Hauptmann, novelist & poet, Ober-Salzbrunn, Silesia. Sep 11 1862: William Sydney Porter (O. Henry), storyteller, Greensboro, NC. Aug 22 1862: Claude Debussey, composer, Paris. Jan 29 1863: Frederick Delius, composer, England. Jun 11 1864: Richard Straus, composer & conductor, Munich. Mar 8 1865: Frederic W. Goudy, type designer, Springfield, Ill. Jun 13 1865: William Butler Yeats, poet, Dublin. Oct 1 1865: Paul Dukas, composer of "Sorcerer's Apprentice", Paris. Dec 30 1865: Rudyard Kipling, poet & storyteller, Bombay. Dec 8 1865: Jean Sibelius, composer, Tavastehus, Finland. May 17 1866: Alfred Leslie (Erik Satie), composer & pianist, Honfleur. Jul 6 1866: Beatrix Potter, au. of "Peter Rabbit", Bolton Gardens, Kensington. Apr 6 1866: Lincoln Steffens, journalist, San Francisco. Sep 21 1866: H. G. Wells, au. of "War of the Worlds", Bromley, Kent. Nov 12 1866: Sun Yat-sen, statesman & revolutionary, Macao. Mar 25 1867: Gutzon Borglum, sculptor of Mount Rushmore, Idaho Territory. Jun 8 1867: Frank Lloyd Wright, architect & planner. Sep 5 1867: Amy Marcy Beach, composer & pianist, Henniker, NH. Feb 7 1867: Laura Ingalls Wilder, novelist, Pepin, Wis. Apr 10 1867: George William Russell (AE), poet, Lurgan, County Armagh. Jun 28 1867: Luigi Pirandello, playwright, Agrigento, Sicily. Aug 12 1867: Edith Hamilton, classicist, Dresden. Aug 14 1867: John Galsworthy, poet & novelist, Coombe, Surrey. Apr 16 1867: Wilbur Wright, inventor, Millville, Indiana. Nov 7 1867: Marie Sklodowska Curie, physicist, Warsaw. Aug 6 1868: Paul Claudel, poet, Villeneuve-sur-Fere, France. Mar 28 1868: Maxim Gorky, polemicist, Nizhni Novgorod (now Gorky), USSR. Apr 1 1868: Edmond Rostand, playwright, Marseilles. Nov 24 1868: Scott Joplin, composer & pianist, near Marshall, Texas. Feb 1 1869: Victor Herbert, composer, Dublin. Sep 26 1869: Winsor McCay, creator of "Little Nemo", Spring Lake, Michigan. Jul 29 1869: Booth Tarkington, novelist, Indianapolis. Sep 6 1869: Felix Salten, au. of "Bambi", Hungary. Nov 22 1869: Andre Gide, novelist, Paris. Aug 23 1869: Edgar Lee Masters, poet, Garnett, Kansas. Dec 22 1869: Edward Arlington Robinson, poet, Head Tide, Maine. Oct 2 1869: Mohandas Gandhi, statesman. May 14 1870: Bruce Rogers, typographer & book designer, Linnwood, Ind. Dec 18 1870: H. H. Munro (Saki), storyteller, Akyab, Burma. Jul 27 1870: Hilaire Belloc, man of letters, La Celle St. Cloud, France. Mar 5 1870: Frank Norris, novelist, Chicago. Apr 22 1870: Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov (Lenin), revolutionary. Jul 10 1871: Marcel Proust, novelist, Auteuil, France. Aug 27 1871: Theodore Dreiser, novelist, Terre Haute, Ind. Apr 16 1871: John Millington Synge, playwright, Dublin. Nov 1 1871: Stephen Crane, poet & novelist, Newark, NJ. Jul 4 1872: Calvin Coolidge, president, Vermont. Mar 31 1872: Sergei Diaghilev, impressario & founder of Ballet Russe, Gruzino, Russia. May 18 1872: Bertrand Russell, polymath, Trelleck, Wales. Jul 16 1872: Roald Amundsen, Arctic explorer, Borge, Norway. Aug 21 1872: Aubrey Beardsley, illustrator, Brighton, England. Aug 24 1872: Max Beerbohm, critic & illustrator, London. Jan 6 1872: Alexander Scriabin, composer, Moscow. Oct 12 1872: Ralph Vaughn Williams, composer, Down Ampney, England. Nov 16 1873: William Christopher Handy, trumpeter & composer, Florence, Ala. May 9 1873: Howard Carter, archaeologist & discoverer of Tutankamen's tomb. Apr 25 1873: Walter de la Mare, poet & critic, Charlton, Kent. Dec 7 1873: Willa Cather, novelist, Winchester, Va. Dec 17 1873: Ford Madox Ford, novelist, Merton, Surrey. Apr 1 1873: Serge Rachmaninoff, composer & pianist, Onega, Russia. Feb 24 1874: Sir Ernest Shackleton, explorer, County Kildare. Apr 6 1874: Ehrich Weiss (Harry Houdini), magician, Appleton, Wis. Feb 24 1874: John Peter "Honus" Wagner, The Flying Dutchman, Mansfield, Pa. Oct 20 1874: Charles Ives, composer, Danbury, Ct. May 29 1874: G. K. Chesterton, journalist & philosopher, Kensington, England. Mar 26 1874: Robert Frost, poet, San Francisco. Nov 18 1874: Clarence Day, au. of "Life With Father", New York City. Jan 16 1874: Robert W. Service, au. of "Shooting of Dan McGrew", Preston, England. Jan 25 1874: W. Somerset Maugham, novelist & storyteller, Paris. Feb 3 1874: Gertrude Stein, writer, Alleghany, Pa. Feb 9 1874: Amy Lowell, poet, Brookline, Mass. Nov 30 1874: Winston Churchill, journalist, historian, & statesman, Blenheim. Sep 13 1874: Arnold Schoenberg, composer, Vienna. Aug 10 1874: Herbert Hoover, engineer & president. Feb 17 1874: Thomas J. Watson, Sr., businessman, Painted Post, NY. Jan 14 1875: Albert Schweitzer, organist & physician, Kayserberg. Sep 1 1875: Edgar Rice Burroughs, creator of "Tarzan of the Apes", Chicago. Mar 7 1875: Maurice Ravel, composer, Ciboure, France. Jun 6 1875: Thomas Mann, novelist, Lubeck, Germany. Dec 4 1875: Rainer Maria Rilke, poet, Prague. Nov 29 1876: Pablo Casals, cellist. Sep 13 1876: Sherwood Anderson, playwright, Camden, Ohio. Aug 4 1876: Ivan Bilibin, illustrator, Tarkhovka, Russia. Jan 12 1876: Jack London, novelist & storyteller, San Francisco. Aug 7 1876: Mata Hari, courtesan and spy, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands. Nov 23 1876: Manuel de Falla, composer, Cadiz. Jul 27 1877: Erno Dohnanyi, composer, Bratislava. Sep 20 1878: Upton Sinclair, au. of "The Jungle", Baltimore. Jun 1 1878: John Masefield, poet, Ledbury Herefordshire. Feb 26 1878: Emmy Destinn, soprano, Prague. Jan 6 1878: Carl Sandburg, poet, Galesburg, Ill. Dec 21 1879: Josef Dzhugashvili (Joseph Stalin), tyrant & cult figure, Tbilsi. Oct 26 1879: Leon Davidovich Bronstein (Leon Trotsky), revolutionary. Aug 27 1879: Samuel Goldwyn, moviemaker, Warsaw. Mar 14 1879: Albert Einstein, physicist, Ulm. Oct 2 1879: Wallace Stevens, poet, Reading, Pa. Nov 10 1879: Vachel Lindsay, poet, Springfield, Ill. Jan 1 1879: E. M. Forester, novelist, London. Jul 9 1879: Ottorino Respighi, composer, Bologna. Oct 12 1880: Healey Willan, composer, London. Jan 29 1880: W. C. Fields, comedian & filmmaker, Philadelphia. May 29 1880: Oswald Spengler, philosopher, Blankenburg, Germany. Sep 12 1880: H. L. Mencken, newspaperman & philologist, Baltimore. Jun 19 1880: W. A. Morrison, typographer, Martinsville, Ohio. Jun 27 1880: Helen Keller, memoirist, Tuscumbia, Ala. Jul 23 1880: Raymond Chandler, novelist & storyteller, Chicago. Aug 26 1880: Guillaume Koussowitzky (Guillaume Apollinaire), critic, Rome. Nov 1 1880: Sholem Asch, novelist, Poland. Jul 24 1880: Ernest Bloch, composer, Geneva. Jan 26 1880: Douglas MacArthur, soldier & statesman. Oct 25 1881: Pablo Robles y Picasso, painter, Barcelona. Aug 19 1881: George Enescu, composer, Liveni Virnai, Romania. Oct 15 1881: P. G. Wodehouse, humorist, Hong Kong. Mar 25 1881: Bela Bartok, composer, Nagyszentmiklos, Hungary. Jul 8 1882: Percy Grainger, composer of Londonderry Aire ("Danny Boy"), Melbourne. Oct 6 1882: Karol Szymanowski, composer, Tymoszowka, Poland. Oct 22 1882: N. C. Wyeth, illustrator, Needham, Mass. May 20 1882: Sigrid Undset, novelist, Kalundborg, Denmark. Nov 18 1882: Wyndham Lewis, editor & novelist, at sea. Dec 16 1882: Zoltan Kodaly, composer, Kecskemet, Hungary. Jan 18 1882: A. A. Milne, creator of "Winnie the Pooh", London. Jan 25 1882: Virginia Woolf, novelist, South London. Feb 2 1882: James Joyce, novelist & poet, Dublin. Feb 22 1882: Eric Gill, typographer, Brighton, England. Jun 17 1882: Igor Stravinsky, composer, Oranienbaum, Russia. Jan 30 1882: Franklin D. Roosevelt, president, Hyde Park, NY. Jul 3 1883: Franz Kafka, novelist, Prague. Jul 29 1883: Benito Mussolini, Il Duce, Dovia, Italy. May 9 1883: Jose Ortega y Gasset, philosopher, Madrid. Sep 17 1883: William Carlos Williams, physician & poet, Rutherford, NJ. Feb 17 1883: Nikos Kazantzakis, novelist, Heraklion, Crete. Nov 29 1883: Dard Hunter, historian of papermaking, Steubenville, Ohio. Feb 15 1884: James Gilbert, inventor of the Erector Set, Salem, Oregon. Oct 4 1884: Damon Runyon, journalist, Manhattan, Kansas. Jan 1 1884: Alfred Steiglitz, photographer. Mar 31 1884: Sean O'Casey, playwright, Dublin. May 8 1884: Harry S Truman, president, Independence, Mo. Oct 11 1885: Francois Mauriac, novelist, Bordeaux. Sep 11 1885: D. H. Lawrence, novelist, Nottingham. Mar 6 1885: Ring Lardner, sportswriter & storyteller, Niles, Michigan. Oct 30 1885: Ezra Pound, poet, Hailey, Idaho. Feb 9 1885: Alban Berg, composer, Vienna. Oct 7 1885: Niels Bohr, physicist, Copenhagen. Aug 27 1886: Rebecca Clarke, composer, Harrow. Feb 20 1886: Peter Freuchen, explorer & writer, Copenhagen. Sep 8 1886: Siegfried Sassoon, poet & memoirist, London. Sep 10 1886: Hilda Doolittle (H.D.), poet, Bethlehem, Pa. Dec 6 1886: Joyce Kilmer, au. of "Trees", New Brunswick, NJ. Aug 20 1886: Paul Tillich, theologian, Starzeddel, Germany. Feb 15 1886: Sax Rohmer, creator of "Fu Manchu", Birmingham, England. Jan 14 1886: Hugh Lofting, creator of "Dr Doolittle", Maidenhead, England. Dec 1 1886: Rex Stout, creator of "Nero Wolfe", Noblesville, Ind. Dec 18 1886: Tyrus Raymond "Ty" Cobb, The Georgia Peach, Narrows, Ga. Jul 7 1887: Marc Chagall, artist. Nov 23 1887: William Henry Pratt (Boris Karloff), actor. Mar 24 1887: Roscoe "Fatty" Arbuckle, comedian & filmmaker. Jul 2 1887: Hermann Hesse, novelist, the Black Forest. Mar 22 1887: Leonard "Chico" Marx, comedian, New York City. Jul 9 1887: Samuel Eliot Morison, historian, Boston. Sep 7 1887: Edith Sitwell, poet, Renishaw Park, England. Nov 15 1887: Marianne Moore, poet, St. Louis. Jan 19 1887: Alexander Woolcott, wit, Phalanx, NJ. Jan 10 1887: Robinson Jeffers, poet, Pittsburgh, Pa. Mar 5 1887: Heitor Villa-Lobos, composer, Rio de Janeiro. Nov 15 1887: Georgia O'Keefe, painter. May 28 1888: Jim Thorpe, athlete, Prague, Ok. Sep 26 1888: T. S. Eliot, poet & playwright, St. Louis. Oct 14 1888: Katherine Mansfield, novelist, Wellington, NZ. Nov 23 1888: Adolph "Harpo" Marx, comedian & musician, New York City. Oct 16 1888: Eugene O'Neill, playwright, New York City. Apr 30 1888: John Crowe Ransom, poet, Pulaski, Tenn. Aug 15 1888: T. E. Lawrence (Lawrence of Arabia), Tremadoc, Wales. Nov 22 1888: John Clayton, Lord Greystoke (Tarzan of the Apes), Gabon (trad.) Dec 19 1888: Fritz Reiner, conductor, Budapest. May 11 1888: Israel Baline (Irving Berlin), songwriter, Temun, Russia. Jul 5 1889: Jean Cocteau, designer & filmmaker, Maisons-Lafitte, France. Aug 5 1889: Conrad Aiken, poet, Savannah Ga. Apr 14 1889: Arnold Toynbee, historian, London. May 6 1889: Stanley Morison, designer of Times Roman, Wanstead, Essex. Nov 16 1889: George S. Kaufman, playwright, Pittsburgh. Sep 15 1889: Robert Benchley, humorist, Worcester, Mass. Jul 17 1889: Earle Stanley Gardner, creator of "Perry Mason", Malden, Mass. Apr 16 1889: Charlie Chaplin, actor and director, London. Apr 20 1889: Adolf Hitler, Braunau, Austria. Dec 5 1889: Otto Frank, father of Anne Frank, Frankfurt-am-Main, Germany. Dec 12 1890: Edwin Armstrong, inventor of FM radio. Oct 20 1890: Jelly Roll Morton, jazz composer & pianist, New Orleans. Aug 27 1890: Man Ray, photographer. Jun 16 1890: Stan Laurel, comedian & filmmaker, London. May 15 1890: Katherine Anne Porter, novelist, Indian Creek, Tex. Oct 2 1890: Julius "Groucho" Marx, comedian, New York City. Jul 30 1890: Casey Stengel, manager & raconteur, Kansas City, Mo. Sep 10 1890: Franz Werfel, novelist & playwright, Prague. Feb 10 1890: Boris Pasternak, novelist, Moscow. Oct 14 1890: Dwight D. Eisenhower, soldier & president. Jun 9 1891: Cole Porter, songerwriter, Peru, Ind. Apr 23 1891: Serge Prokofiev, composer, Ekaterinoslav, the Ukraine. Sep 15 1891: Agatha Christie, storyteller, Torquay, Devon. Dec 26 1891: Henry Miller, novelist & poet, New York City. May 2 1892: Manfred von Richtofen, the Red Baron, Breslau. Jan 18 1892: Oliver Hardy, comedian. Jul 1 1892: James M. Cain, storyteller & novelist, Annapolis, Md. Mar 13 1892: Janet Flanner (Genet), journalist, Boston. May 7 1892: Archibald MacLeish, poet & statesman, Glencoe, Ill. Sep 4 1892: Darius Milhaud, composer, Aix-en-Provence, France. Sep 12 1892: Alfred A. Knopf, publisher, New York City. Jan 3 1892: J. R. R. Tolkien, novelist & Anglo-Saxonist, Bloemfontein, SA. Dec 25 1892: Cicily Isabel Fairfield (Rebecca West), novelist, County Kerry. Apr 8 1893: Gladys Smith (Mary Pickford), America's Sweetheart, Toronto. Dec 26 1893: Mao Tse-tung, politician & cult figure. Jul 26 1893: George Grosz, artist & satirist. Aug 17 1893: Mae West, comedienne, New York City. Apr 2 1893: Harold Lloyd, comedian & filmmaker. Jun 13 1893: Dorothy Sayers, novelist & medievalist, Oxford. Aug 22 1893: Dorothy Parker, critic & wit, West End, NJ. Oct 30 1894: Peter Warlock, composer, England. Jan 20 1894: Harold Gray, creator of "Little Orphan Annie". Oct 14 1894: e. e. cummings, poet, Cambridge, Mass. May 27 1894: Dashiell Hammett, storyteller, St. Mary's County, Md. Dec 8 1894: James Thurber, storyteller & cartoonist, Columbus, Ohio. Sep 13 1894: J. B. Priestly, novelist & playwright, Bradford, Yorkshire. Jun 13 1894: Mark Van Doren, critic & teacher, Hope Park, Ill. Jul 26 1894: Aldous Huxley, novelist & critic, Godalming, Surrey. Feb 6 1895: George Herman "Babe" Ruth, The Sultan of Swat, Baltimore. May 8 1895: Edmund Wilson, man of letters, Red Bank, NJ. Nov 16 1895: Paul Hindemith, composer, Hanau, Germany. Jul 26 1895: Robert Graves, poet & novelist, Wimbledon. May 29 1895: Erich Wolfgang Korngold, composer, Brno. Dec 6 1896: Ira Gershwin, lyricist, New York City. Apr 27 1896: Rogers Hornsby, baseball player, Winters, Tex. Nov 25 1896: Virgil Thomson, composer & critic, Kansas City, Mo. Oct 4 1896: Joseph Francis "Buster" Keaton, filmmaker, Pickway, Kan. Jan 14 1896: John Dos Passos, novelist, Chicago. Oct 28 1896: Howard Hanson, composer & conductor, Wahoo, Nebraska. Jul 10 1896: Carl Orff, composer, Munich. Sep 24 1896: F. Scott Fitzgerald, novelist, St. Paul, Minn. May 14 1897: Sidney Bechet, clarinetist & saxophonist, New Orleans. Jun 19 1897: Moe Howard, comic actor, New York City. Sep 25 1897: William Faulkner, novelist, New Albany, Miss. Apr 17 1897: Thornton Wilder, playwright & novelist, Madison, Wis. Nov 4 1897: Will Rogers, humorist, Oolagah, Indian Territory. Apr 9 1898: Paul Robeson, singer & actor. Jun 22 1898: Erich Maria Remarque, novelist, Westphalia, Germany. Jul 22 1898: Stephen Vincent Benet, journalist & storyteller, Bethlehem, Pa. Nov 29 1898: C. S. Lewis, philologist, novelist, & philosopher, Belfast. Sep 26 1898: George Gershwin, composer, Brooklyn. Apr 29 1899: Edward Kennedy "Duke" Ellington, composer, Washington, DC. Apr 21 1899: Randall Thompson, composer, New York City. Oct 9 1899: Bruce Catton, historian, Petoskey, Mich. Aug 13 1899: Alfred Hitchcock, filmmaker, London. Jul 11 1899: E. B. White, essayist, Mount Vernon, NY. Aug 27 1899: C. S. Forester, novelist, Cairo. Apr 23 1899: Vladimir Nabokov, novelist & critic, St. Petersburg. Nov 19 1899: Allen Tate, poet & critic, Clarke County, Ky. Dec 16 1899: Noel Coward, lyricist & playwright, Teddington, Middlesex. Jun 5 1899: Federico Garcia Lorca, poet & playwright, Fuentevaqueros, Spain. Jul 21 1899: Hart Crane, poet, Garretsville, Ohio. Jul 21 1899: Ernest Hemingway, novelist, Oak Park, Ill. Aug 24 1899: Jorge Luis Borges, poet & essayist, Buenos Aires. Mar 2 1900: Kurt Weill, composer, Dessau. Nov 20 1900: Chester Gould, creator of "Dick Tracy", Pawnee, Oklahoma. Oct 3 1900: Thomas Wolfe, novelist, Asheville, NC. Apr 19 1900: Richard Hughes, author of "A High Wind in Jamaica", Surrey. Jun 29 1900: Antoine de Sainte-Exupery, novelist & memoirist, Lyon, France. Nov 8 1900: Margaret Mitchell, author of "Gone With the Wind", Atlanta. Nov 14 1900: Aaron Copland, composer, Brooklyn. Dec 5 1901: Werner Heisenberg, mathematician & physicist, Berlin. Nov 22 1901: Joaquin Rodrigo, composer, Sanguto. Mar 24 1901: Ub Iwerks, animator. Aug 30 1901: John Gunther, journalist, Chicago. Dec 5 1901: Walt Disney, filmmaker, Chicago. Feb 25 1901: Herbert "Zeppo" Marx, actor, New York City. Nov 3 1901: Andre Malraux, statesman & essayist, Paris. Aug 8 1902: Paul Dirac, physicist, Bristol. Sep 20 1902: Stevie Smith, poet, Hull, Yorkshire. Aug 19 1902: Ogden Nash, versifier, Rye, NY. Feb 1 1902: Langston Hughes, poet, Joplin, Mo. Feb 27 1902: John Steinbeck, novelist, Salinas, Calif. Mar 29 1902: William Walton, composer, Oldham, Lancashire. Mar 10 1903: Leon "Bix" Beiderbecke, cornettist & composer, Davenport, Ia. Dec 28 1903: John von Neumann, polymath, Budapest. Oct 22 1903: Curly Howard, maddest of the "Three Stooges", New York City. Aug 7 1903: Louis Leakey, archaeologist, Kabete, Kenya. Dec 17 1903: Erskine Caldwell, novelist, Coweta County, Ga. Jun 6 1903: Aram Khatchaturian, composer of "Sabre Dance", Tiflis, Georgia. Sep 10 1903: Cyril Connelly, critic, Coventry, Warwickshire. Jun 25 1903: Eric Blair (George Orwell), journalist & novelist, Bengal, India. May 17 1903: James Thomas "Cool Papa" Bell, baseball player, Starkville, Miss. Jan 11 1903: Alan Paton, novelist, Pietermaritzburg, SA. Oct 28 1903: Evelyn Waugh, novelist, Hampstead, England. Jun 19 1903: Lou Gehrig, Pride of the Yankees, New York City. Aug 21 1904: William "Count" Basie, composer & bandleader, Red Bank, NJ. May 21 1904: Thomas Wright "Fats" Waller, composer & pianist, New York City. Mar 2 1904: Theodore Seuss Geisel, "Dr. Seuss", author & illustrator. May 4 1904: Josef Pieper, philosopher, Elte, Germany. Oct 2 1904: Graham Greene, novelist, Berkhampstead, Hertfordshire. Jul 9 1904: Warren Chappell, typographer, Richmond, Va. Jul 12 1904: Pablo Neruda, poet, Parral, Chile. Jul 14 1904: Isaac Bashevis Singer, storyteller, Radzymin, Poland. Aug 26 1904: Christopher Isherwood, storyteller, Disley, Cheshire. Feb 1 1904: S. J. Perelman, humorist, Brooklyn. Feb 4 1904: MacKinley Kantor, au. of "Andersonville", Webster City, Iowa. Feb 23 1904: William L. Shirer, journalist & historian, Chicago. Oct 24 1904: Moss Hart, playwright, New York City. Jun 26 1904: Peter Lorre, actor, Rozsahegy, Hungary. Jan 2 1905: Sir Michael Tippett, composer, London. Mar 6 1905: Bob Wills, fiddler & creator of "Texas swing", Turkey, Tex. Sep 25 1905: "Red" Smith, sportswriter, Green Bay, Wis. Oct 15 1905: C. P. Snow, polymath, Leicester. Sep 4 1905: Mary Renault, novelist, London. Sep 5 1905: Arthur Koestler, novelist & essayist, Budapest. May 24 1905: Mikhail Sholokhov, au. of "Quiet Flows the Don", Veshenskaya, USSR. Apr 24 1905: Robert Penn Warren, novelist & poet, Guthrie, Ky. Jun 21 1905: Jean-Paul Sartre, philosopher, Paris. Sep 18 1905: Greta Lovisa Gustafsson (Garbo), actress, Stockholm. Jul 26 1906: Gracie Allen, comedienne. Jul 7 1906: Leroy "Satchel" Paige, pitcher, Birmingham, Ala. Apr 13 1906: Samuel Beckett, playwright & novelist, Dublin. May 29 1906: T. H. White, author of "Once and Future King", Bombay. Jun 22 1906: Anne Morrow Lindbergh, diarist, Englewood, NJ. Jul 18 1906: Clifford Odets, polemicist, Philadelphia. Jul 18 1906: S. I. Hayakawa, linguist & educator, Vancouver, BC. Sep 25 1906: Dmitri Shostakovich, composer, St. Petersburg. Dec 9 1906: Grace Murray Hopper, author of COBOL, New York City. Dec 24 1907: "Cab" Calloway, bandleader. May 22 1907: Georges Remi (Herge), creator of "Tintin", Brussels. Feb 7 1907: Larry "Buster" Crabbe, actor & Olympic swimmer. May 27 1907: Rachel Carson, naturalist, Springdale, Pa. May 13 1907: Daphne du Maurier, novelist, London. Dec 10 1907: Rumer Godden, novelist, Aldington, Kent. Feb 3 1907: James A. Mitchener, novelist, New York City. Aug 30 1907: John William Mauchley, engineer & builder of ENIAC, Cincinnati. Jan 26 1908: Stephane Grappelli, jazz violinist, Paris. Feb 26 1908: "Tex" Avery, director of "Loonie Tunes" cartoons. May 30 1908: Mel Blanc, man of many voices, New York City. Oct 15 1908: John Kenneth Galbraith, economist, Toronto. Aug 27 1908: Lyndon Baines Johnson, politician, Texas. Aug 31 1908: William Saroyan, playwright & storyteller, Fresno, Calif. May 25 1908: Theodore Rothke, poet, Saginaw, Mich. May 28 1908: Ian Fleming, creator of "James Bond", London. Sep 28 1909: Stephen Spender, poet, London. May 39 1909: Benny Goodman, jazz clarinetist & bandleader, Chicago. Jul 28 1909: Malcolm Lowry, novelist, Liverpool. Mar 28 1909: Nelson Algren, novelist, Detroit. Apr 13 1909: Eudora Welty, novelist, Jackson, Miss. Nov 27 1909: James Agee, playwright & critic, Knoxville, Tenn. Aug 26 1910: Gonxha Bojaxhiu (Mother Teresa), humanitarian, Dalmatia. Jan 23 1910: Jean Baptiste "Django" Reinhardt, jazz guitarist, Liverchies, Belgium Mar 9 1910: Samuel Barber, composer, West Chester, Pa. Dec 19 1910: Jean Genet, writer & cult figure, Paris. Jun 23 1910: Jean Anouilh, playwright, Bordeaux. Feb 27 1910: Peter De Vries, novelist, Chicago. Dec 25 1911: Burne Hogarth, illustrator & cartoonist, Chicago. Dec 14 1911: Spike Jones, drummer & bandleader. Mar 26 1911: Tennessee Williams, poet & playwright, Columbus, Miss. Jul 7 1911: Gian-Carlo Menotti, composer, Cadigliano, Italy. Sep 19 1911: William Golding, novelist, Cornwall. Mar 8 1911: Alan Hovhaness, composer, Somerville, Mass. Jul 14 1912: Woody Gutherie, singer & songwriter, Oklahoma. Aug 23 1912: Gene Kelly, dancer & filmmaker. Jan 7 1912: Charles Addams, cartoonist. Sep 21 1912: Chuck Jones, creator of "Roadrunner" cartoons. Sep 1 1912: Raoul Wallenberg, righteous gentile, Sweden. May 27 1912: John Cheever, novelist, Quincy, Mass. Nov 13 1912: Eugene Ionesco, playwright, Slatina, Romania. Jun 23 1912: Alan Turing, computer scientist & mathematician, Paddington. Feb 27 1912: Lawrence Durrell, novelist, Darjeeling, India. Nov 7 1913: Albert Camus, novelist & philosopher, Mondoni, Algeria. Jan 25 1913: Witold Lutoslawski, composer, Warsaw. Nov 25 1913: Lewis Thomas, author of "Lives of a Cell", Flushing, NY. Nov 22 1913: Benjamin Britten, composer, Lowestoft, Suffock, England. Jan 9 1913: Richard M. Nixon, lawyer & president, Yorba Linda, Ca. Jul 14 1913: Gerald R. Ford, president, Grand Rapids, Mi. Aug 28 1913: Robertson Davies, novelist, Thamesville, Ont. Oct 6 1914: Thor Heyerdahl, anthropologist & adventurer, Larvik, Norway. Feb 10 1914: Larry Adler, harmonicist extraordinare, Baltimore. Apr 26 1914: Bernard Malamud, novelist, Brooklyn. Jun 17 1914: John Hersey, journalist, Tientsin, China. Feb 5 1914: William Burroughs, novelist, St. Louis. Mar 1 1914: Ralph Ellison, novelist, Oklahoma City. Oct 27 1914: Dylan Thomas, poet, Swansea, Wales. May 22 1915: George Baker, creator of "The Sad Sack", Lowell, Mass. Apr 4 1915: McKinley Morganfield (Muddy Waters), blues singer, Mississippi. Feb 28 1915: Zero Mostel, actor & comedian. Jul 10 1915: Saul Bellow, novelist, Lachine, Quebec. May 27 1915: Herman Wouk, novelist, New York City. Jan 31 1915: Thomas Merton, monk, Prades, France. Oct 17 1915: Arthur Miller, playwright, New York City. May 28 1916: Walker Percy, novelist, Birmingham, Ala. Jun 24 1916: John Ciardi, poet, Boston. Jul 24 1916: John D. MacDonald, novelist, Sharon, Pa. Mar 10 1916: James Herriott, veterinarian & author, Sunderland, Scotland. Oct 10 1917: Thelonious Sphere Monk, composer & pianist, Rocky Mount, NC. Aug 28 1917: Jack Kirby, creator of "Captain America" & "The Fantastic Four". Jun 4 1917: Robert Anderson, playwright, New York City. Oct 13 1917: John Birks "Dizzy" Gillespie, jazz trumpeter & composer, Cheraw, SC. Jun 17 1917: Gwendolyn Brooks, versifier, Topeka, Kan. Feb 25 1917: Anthony Burgess, novelist & composer, Manchester. Mar 1 1917: Robert Lowell, Jr., poet, Boston. Dec 21 1917: Heinrich Boll, novelist, Cologne. May 29 1917: John F. Kennedy, president, Boston. Jul 29 1918: Edwin O'Connor, novelist, Providence, RI. Dec 11 1918: Alexander Solzhenitsyn, novelist & historian, Kidlovodsk, USSR. Feb 1 1918: Muriel Spark, novelist, Edinburgh. Mar 9 1918: Mickey Spillane, storyteller, Brooklyn. Nov 29 1918: Madeleine L'Engel, novelist, New York City. Aug 25 1918: Leonard Bernstein, conductor & composer, Lawrence, Ma. Apr 25 1918: Ella Fitzgerald, singer & composer, Newport News, Va. Jan 23 1919: Ernie Kovacs, comedian & television pioneer. Jan 31 1919: Jack Roosevelt "Jackie" Robinson, baseball player, Cairo, Ga. Oct 22 1919: Doris Lessing, novelist, Persia. Mar 24 1919: Lawrence Ferlinghetti, poet, Yonkers, NY. Jul 15 1919: Iris Murdoch, novelist, Dublin. Jan 1 1919: J. D. Salinger, storyteller, New York City. Apr 19 1919: J. Presper Eckert, Jr., builder of ENIAC, Philadelphia. Aug 29 1920: Charlie "Bird" Parker, jazz composer & saxophonist, Kansas City, Mo. Aug 3 1920: P. D. James, novelist, Oxford. Aug 22 1920: Ray Bradbury, storyteller & poet, Waukegan, Ill. Jan 2 1920: Isaac Asimov, novelist & popularizer of science, Petrovichi, USSR. Jul 18 1921: John Glenn, 1st American to orbit the earth, Ohio. Aug 11 1921: Alex Haley, journalist & novelist, Ithaca, NY. Oct 29 1921: Bill Mauldin, cartoonist & writer, New Mexico. May 12 1921: Farley Mowat, novelist, Belleville, Ont. Nov 6 1921: James Jones, novelist, Robinson, Ill. Apr 1 1922: William Manchester, historian, Attleboro, Ma. Nov 11 1922: Kurt Vonnegut, novelist & storyteller, Indianapolis. Mar 12 1922: Jack Kerouac, novelist, Lowell, Mass. Sep 30 1923: Donald Ibrahim Swann, pianist & composer ("Flanders & Swann"), Wales. Dec 2 1923: Maria Callas, soprano & actress, New York City. May 1 1923: Joseph Heller, novelist, Brooklyn. Nov 20 1923: Nadine Gordimer, novelist, Springs, Transvaal, SA. Jan 31 1923: Norman Mailer, novelist & vaudevillian, Long Branch, NJ. Feb 2 1923: James Dickey, novelist & poet, Atlanta. Feb 9 1923: Brendan Behan, novelist, Dublin. Sep 30 1924: Truman Capote, storyteller, New Orleans. Aug 2 1924: James Baldwin, novelist, New York City. Oct 1 1924: Jimmy Carter, president, Plains, Georgia. Sep 16 1925: B. B. King, blues guitarist. Jan 1 1925: Idi Amin Dada, tyrant, Uganda. Oct 3 1925: Gore Vidal, novelist & essayist, West Point, NY. Mar 25 1925: Flannery O'Connor, novelist & storyteller, Savannah, Ga. Jun 11 1925: William Styron, novelist, Newport News, Va. Aug 14 1925: Russell Baker, journalist, Loudoun County, Va. Feb 22 1925: Edward Gorey, artist & storyteller, Chicago. Jan 14 1925: Yukio Mishima, novelist, Tokyo. Nov 24 1925: William F. Buckley, Jr., journalist & gadfly, New York City. Aug 7 1926: Stan Freberg, artist of the radio. Apr 28 1926: Harper Lee, novelist, Monroeville, Miss. Sep 16 1926: John Knowles, novelist, Fairmont, WV. Aug 13 1926: Fidel Castro, revolutionary & politician, Oriente Province, Cuba. Oct 27 1927: Dominick Argento, composer, York, Pa. Oct 16 1927: Gunter Grass, novelist, Danzig. Jun 10 1928: Maurice Sendak, author & illustrator, Brooklyn. Mar 4 1928: Alan Sillitoe, novelist, Nottingham. Mar 6 1928: Gabriel Garcia Marquez, novelist, Aracataca, Colombia. Mar 12 1928: Edward Albee, playwright, Washington, DC. Jun 12 1929: Anne Frank, diarist, Frankfurt-am-Main, Germany. Jan 26 1929: Jules Feiffer, cartoonist, New York City. Jan 15 1929: Martin Luther King, Jr., statesman, Atlanta. Mar 22 1930: Stephen Sondheim, composer & lyricist, New York City. Dec 27 1930: Wilfred Sheed, critic & novelist, London. Oct 10 1930: Harold Pinter, playwright, London. May 11 1930: Stanley Elkin, novelist, New York City. May 19 1930: Lorraine Hansberry, au. of "Raisin in the Sun", Chicago. Mar 26 1931: Leonard Nimoy, aka "Mr. Spock". Mar 22 1931: William Shatner, aka "Captain Kirk". Jan 31 1931: Ernie Banks, Mr. Cub, Dallas. Oct 19 1931: David John Moore Cornwell (John le Carre), novelist, Poole, Dorset. Jan 27 1931: Mordecai Richler, novelist, Montreal. Sep 25 1932: Glenn Gould, pianist, Toronto. Mar 18 1932: John Updike, novelist & storyteller, Shillington, Pa. Aug 17 1932: V. S. Naipaul, novelist & journalist, Trinidad. Mar 19 1933: Philip Roth, storyteller & novelist, Newark, NJ. Jun 14 1933: Jerzy Kosinski, novelist, Lodz, Poland. Jul 18 1933: Yevgeny Yevtushenko, poet, Zima Station, Irkutsk Oblast, USSR. Jul 21 1933: John Gardner, novelist, Batavia, NY. Feb 5 1934: Henry Louis "Hank" Aaron, baseball player, Mobile, Ala. Oct 30 1934: Frans Bruggen, recorderist & conductor, Amsterdam. Jan 16 1934: Marilyn Horne, mezzo-soprano, Bradford, Pa. Sep 11 1935: Avro Part, composer, Paide, Estonia. Oct 12 1935: Luciano Pavarotti, tenor, Modena, Italy. Dec 1 1935: Woody Allen, filmmaker, Brooklyn. Jun 21 1935: Francoise Sagan, novelist, Cajarc, France. Jul 17 1935: Peter Schickele, composer & creator of P.D.Q. Bach, Fargo, N.D. Jul 12 1937: Bill Cosby, comedian, Philadelphia. Jan 31 1937: Philip Glass, composer, Baltimore. Jul 3 1937: Tom Stoppard, playwright, Zlin, Czechoslovakia. Jan 22 1937: Joseph Wambaugh, novelist, East Pittsburgh, Pa. Jun 15, 1938: Billy Williams, baseball player, Whisler, Ala. May 26, 1938: William Bolcom, composer & pianist, Seattle. May 8 1938: Thomas Pynchon, novelist, Glen Cove, NY. Oct 27 1939: John Cleese, comedian & filmmaker. Dec 8 1939: James Galway, flutist, Belfast. May 24 1940: Joseph Brodsky, poet, Leningrad. Feb 19 1940: William "Smokey" Robinson, singer & composer. Apr 10 1941: Paul Theroux, novelist & storyteller, Medford, Mass. Sep 9 1941: Otis Redding, soul musician. Jan 19 1943: Janis Joplin, singer of the blues, Port Arthur, Texas. Aug 19 1946: Bill Clinton, lawyer & president, Hope, Mo. Feb 15 1947: John Adams, composer, Worcester, Mass.
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