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Showing content from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16166864 below:

Effect of increased cost-sharing on oral hypoglycemic use in five managed care organizations: how much is too much?

doi: 10.1097/01.mlr.0000178216.23514.b7. Effect of increased cost-sharing on oral hypoglycemic use in five managed care organizations: how much is too much?

Affiliations

Affiliation

¹ Research Department, Kaiser Permanente, Atlanta, Georgia 30305, and the Department of Ambulatory Care and Prevention, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Douglas.Roblin@KP.ORG

PMID: 16166864
DOI: 10.1097/01.mlr.0000178216.23514.b7

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Effect of increased cost-sharing on oral hypoglycemic use in five managed care organizations: how much is too much?

Douglas W Roblin et al. Med Care. 2005 Oct.

doi: 10.1097/01.mlr.0000178216.23514.b7. Affiliation

¹ Research Department, Kaiser Permanente, Atlanta, Georgia 30305, and the Department of Ambulatory Care and Prevention, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Douglas.Roblin@KP.ORG

PMID: 16166864
DOI: 10.1097/01.mlr.0000178216.23514.b7

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Abstract

Background: For patients with a chronic disease, increased cost-sharing for medications may lead to unintended consequences, including reduced use of medications essential for control of their disease.

Objective: The objective of this study was to estimate the effects of small ($1-6 per 30-day supply), moderate ($7-10), and large (>$10) increases in medication cost-sharing on 12-month trends in oral hypoglycemic (OH) use among adults with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: We conducted a quasiexperimental study using a time series with comparison group design. Data were obtained from computerized membership, benefit, and pharmacy dispensing data of 5 managed care organizations (MCOs). A total of 13,110 12-month episodes of OH use and a medication cost-sharing increase ("intervention") were matched with 13,110 that had no increase. The dependent variable was OH average daily dose (ADD) standardized to each episode's mean OH ADD in the 6-month preintervention period. The principal independent variable was change in cost per 30-day OH supply between the 6-month pre- and postintervention periods. Effects of changes in cost-sharing on OH ADD were estimated using segmented time series regression.

Results: Episodes with >$10 increase in cost-sharing had significantly (alpha=0.05) decreased OH ADD in the postintervention period. At 6 months after this increase, OH ADD had decreased by 18.5% from that predicted from the preintervention trend. Episodes with a $1 to $10 increase in cost-sharing and those with no increase in cost-sharing had significant linear increases in OH use over the 12-month period.

Conclusions: Large increases in medication cost-sharing were associated with immediate and persistent reductions in OH use. Small and moderate increases had little effect on OH use in the 6-month period after the increase.

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