Inbred Strains of Mice: A2G
A2GInbr: F 101. Albino. Genet:
b,c. Originated as an illegitimate mating of strain A at Glaxo Laboratories, UK, in 1942-50, followed by b x s mating. Should not be considered as a substrain of A. Distributed mainly in European laboratories, and best known for its unique resistance to myxovirus (influenza) infections.
BehaviourWhisker chewing 75% in cages of 2-3 mice by 60 days of age. Whisker trimming seems to be associated with social dominance (
Strozik and Festing 1981). Low balsa-wood gnawing activity (3/16) in A2G-
hrhr, but high activity in A2G (1/16) (Fawdington and Festing 1980). It is not prevented by offering the mice means of withdrawal from it (
Van den Broek et al, 1993).
Life-span and spontaneous disease
Long life-span in males (13/17 = 640 days) but intermediate in females (8/17 = 644 days), and lung tumours 17-65% in SPF fostered conditions (Festing and Blackmore, 1971).
Normal physiology and biochemistry
High incidence of audiogenic seizures (Pasquini et al, quoted by Al-Ani et al., 1970 al., 1970).
AnatomyAbsence of third molar in 7% of cases (1/20) (Festing, 1975b). High incidence of absence of the 3rd. molar, which has been used as a threshold character to study the effects of weak teratogens (
Berry and Nickols 1979)
DrugsSensitive to insulin (2/9) but insensitive to histamine (7/9) (
Brown, 1965). Long survival on Warfarin (9/12) (
Lush and Arnold, 1975). Long sleeping time under hexobarbital anaesthetic (13/15) (Lovell, 1976), long sleeping time under pentobarbitone anaesthetic (18/23), Lovell (
1986). Highly susceptible to lung tumour induction by urethane (cf. strain A) (
Festing 1980).
ImmunologyIncidence of serum antinuclear factor high (2/17) at 28% (
Barnes and Tuffrey, 1967). Low antibody affinity to HSA (7/9) (
Petty et al., 1972., 1972).
InfectionUniquely resistant among twenty strains tested to infection with diverse strains of pneumotropic and neurotropic influenza viruses. Resistance is due to a dominant autosomal gene, (now designated Mx1) and does not depend on the immune system (
Fiske and Klein, 1975; Lindenman et al., 1963., 1963). The Mx1 protein exhibits GTPase activity (
Nakayama et al, 1993). The Mx1 protein is inducible with interferon and has been used as a cellular marker in studying the movement of glial cells toward a spinal cord demyelinating lesion (
Gout and Dubois-Dalcq, 1993). Mx1 exerts its antiviral activity by interfering with the function of the influenza virus polymerase subunit PB2 (
Stranden et al, 1993). The Mx1 gene also confers resistance to the tick-born Thogoto virus (
Haller et al, 1995) and the tick-born Dhori virus (
Thimme et al, 1995).
Develops a chronic non-healing lesion on infection with Leishmania tropica, the parasite causing cutaneous leishmaniasis (Howard et al 1980)
ReproductionGood breeding performance (7/25), colony output 1.2 young per female per week, litter size at weaning 5.7 (12/25) (Festing, 1976a).
Al-Ani A. T., Tunnicliff G., Rick J. T., and Kerkut G. A. (1970) GABA production, acetylcholinesterase activity and biogenic amine levels in brain for mouse strains differing in spontaneous activity and reactivity. Life Sci. 9, 21-27.Brown A. M. (1965) Pharmacogenetics of the mouse. Lab. Anim. Care 15, 111-118.
Strozik E. and Festing M. F. W. (1981) Whisker trimming in mice. Lab. Anim. 15, 309-312.
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