George Henry Robert Charles William Vane-Tempest, 5th Marquess of Londonderry, was born in London (1821). He was an important aristocrat at first styled Viscount Seaham and then Earl Vane and Lord Londondery. He was also a noted businessman, diplomat, and Conservative politician. His mother was Frances Anne Vane, Marchioness of Londonderry, a beauty of the age which you can see in Lawrence portrait with George. She was the daughter and heiress of Sir Henry Vane-Tempest, 2nd Baronet. We know very little about George's childhood, but in he Lawrence portrait we see him at 7 years old in 1828 wearing a bright red jacket with what looks lke froging and white long pants (figure 1). Notice the open collar. George inherited the estates of his parents because of the death of brothers and half brothers. George was educated at Eton and Balliol College, Oxford. Viscount Seaham entered the 1st Life Guards by purchasing a lieutenancy (1845). He was subsequently appointed a Major in the part-time Montgomeryshire Yeomanry (1848). He entered Parliament for Durham North (1847). He succeeded his father as Earl Vane and entered the House of Lords. He was involved in British diplomacy. He was an Envoy Extraordinary to Russia to Emperor Alexander II, to invest the emperor with the British Order of the Garter (1867). At the time the Great Game with Russia was just beginning. He inherited large estates in Ireland. And was appointed a Knight of the Order of St Patrick. He he became Lord-Lieutenant of County Durham, a post he held until his death 4 years later. He was appointed Lieutenant-Colonel Commandant of the 2nd (Seaham) Durham Artillery Volunteer Corps (1864). the family became strongly associated with the unit. Lord Londonderry is particularly notable for his business interests and unlike many aristocrats were not limited to mostly landed estates, although his land ownership was huge. He managed important rail operations which began because of the needs f his shale quarry. He married Mary Cornelia Edwards, daughter of Sir John Edwards, 1st Baronet (1846). They settled down at Plas Machynlleth, the Edwards family seat. Lady Frances Anne Emily Vane (1822-99), Lord Londonderry's sister, married The 7th Duke of Marlborough. Her son was Lord Randolph Churchill. A trust set up by Lay Anne helped Churchill to purchase Chartwell.
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