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Showing content from http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-devel/library/base/html/t.html below:

R: Matrix Transpose

Given a matrix or data.frame x, t returns the transpose of x.

t(x)

a matrix or data frame, typically.

This is a generic function for which methods can be written. The description here applies to the default and "data.frame" methods.

A data frame is first coerced to a matrix: see as.matrix. When x is a vector, it is treated as a column, i.e., the result is a 1-row matrix.

A matrix, with dim and dimnames constructed appropriately from those of x, and other attributes except names copied across.

The conjugate transpose of a complex matrix A, denoted A^H or A^*, is computed as Conj(t(A)).

⁠Becker RA, Chambers JM, Wilks AR (1988). The New S Language. Chapman and Hall/CRC, London.

aperm for permuting the dimensions of arrays.

a <- matrix(1:30, 5, 6)
ta <- t(a) ##-- i.e.,  a[i, j] == ta[j, i] for all i,j :
for(j in seq(ncol(a)))
  if(! all(a[, j] == ta[j, ])) stop("wrong transpose")

[Package

version 4.6.0

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