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Rotate[g,θ]
represents 2D graphics primitives or any other objects g rotated counterclockwise by θ radians about the center of their bounding box.
Rotate[g,θ,{x,y}]
rotates about the point {x,y}.
Rotate[g,{u,v}]
rotates around the origin, transforming the 2D or 3D vector u to v.
Rotate[g,θ,w]
rotates 3D graphics primitives by θ radians around the 3D vector w anchored at the origin.
Rotate[g,θ,w,p]
rotates around the 3D vector w anchored at p.
Rotate[g,θ,{u,v}]
rotates by angle θ in the plane spanned by 3D vectors u and v.
Details and OptionsRotate a cuboid by 30° around the axis:
Scope (8)Transformation applied to a 2D shape:
Transformation applied to a 3D shape:
Rotation around the vector anchored at the point :
Rotation mapping vector to vector :
Rotation in the plane spanned by vectors and :
Rotate objects with scaled coordinates:
Keep the lower-right corner of the rectangle fixed:
Applications (2) Properties & Relations (1)When possible, Normal will transform the coordinates explicitly:
Possible Issues (4)By default, Rotate uses the center of the bounding box as the center of rotation:
Explicitly specify a center of rotation:
Transforming an object may move it out of view:
Adjust the PlotRange to display the transformed object:
The center of the baseline of rotated text aligns with the baseline of the surrounding text:
For a different alignment, specify an explicit center of rotation:
Since text bounding boxes are always rectilinear, successive rotations can introduce extra space:
Neat Examples (2)Rotations of a regular polygon:
Wolfram Research (2007), Rotate, Wolfram Language function, https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/Rotate.html (updated 2008). TextWolfram Research (2007), Rotate, Wolfram Language function, https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/Rotate.html (updated 2008).
CMSWolfram Language. 2007. "Rotate." Wolfram Language & System Documentation Center. Wolfram Research. Last Modified 2008. https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/Rotate.html.
APAWolfram Language. (2007). Rotate. Wolfram Language & System Documentation Center. Retrieved from https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/Rotate.html
BibTeX@misc{reference.wolfram_2025_rotate, author="Wolfram Research", title="{Rotate}", year="2008", howpublished="\url{https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/Rotate.html}", note=[Accessed: 11-July-2025 ]}
BibLaTeX@online{reference.wolfram_2025_rotate, organization={Wolfram Research}, title={Rotate}, year={2008}, url={https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/Rotate.html}, note=[Accessed: 11-July-2025 ]}
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