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Ceiling—Wolfram Language Documentation

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BUILT-IN SYMBOL Ceiling

Ceiling[x]

gives the smallest integer greater than or equal to x.

Ceiling[x,a]

gives the smallest multiple of a greater than or equal to x.

Details Examplesopen allclose all Basic Examples  (4)

Round up to the nearest integer:

Round up to the nearest multiple of 10:

Plot the function over a subset of the reals:

Use lc and rc to enter a short notation for Ceiling:

Scope  (30) Numerical Evaluation  (7)

Evaluate numerically:

Complex number inputs:

Single-argument Ceiling always returns an exact result:

The two-argument form tracks the precision of the second argument:

Evaluate efficiently at high precision:

Ceiling can deal with realvalued intervals:

Compute the elementwise values of an array using automatic threading:

Or compute the matrix Ceiling function using MatrixFunction:

Compute average-case statistical intervals using Around:

Specific Values  (6)

Values of Ceiling at fixed points:

Value at zero:

Value at Infinity:

Evaluate symbolically:

Manipulate Ceiling symbolically:

Find a value of x for which the Ceiling[x]=2:

Visualization  (4)

Plot the Ceiling function:

Visualize the two-argument form:

Plot Ceiling in three dimensions:

Visualize Ceiling in the complex plane:

Function Properties  (9)

Ceiling is defined for all real and complex inputs:

Ceiling can produce infinitely large and small results:

Ceiling is not an analytic function:

It has both singularities and discontinuities:

Ceiling is nondecreasing:

Ceiling is not injective:

Ceiling is not surjective:

Ceiling is neither non-negative nor non-positive:

Ceiling is neither convex nor concave:

TraditionalForm formatting:

Differentiation and Integration  (4)

First derivative with respect to x:

First derivative with respect to a:

Definite integrals of Ceiling:

Series expansion:

Applications  (4)

Selfcounting sequence:

Minimal number of elements in a box according to the pigeonhole principle:

Properties & Relations  (10)

Negative numbers round up to the nearest integer above:

For a>0, Ceiling[x,a] gives the least multiple of a greater than or equal to x:

For other values of a, Ceiling[x,a] is defined by the following formula:

For a<0, the result is less than or equal to x:

Ceiling[x,-a] is equal to Floor[x,a]:

Convert Ceiling to Piecewise:

Denest Ceiling functions:

Reduce equations containing Ceiling:

Ceiling function in the complex plane:

Ceiling can be represented as a DifferenceRoot:

The generating function for Ceiling:

The exponential generating function for Ceiling:

Possible Issues  (1)

Ceiling does not automatically resolve the value:

Neat Examples  (1)

Convergence of the Fourier series of Ceiling:

History

Introduced in 1988 (1.0) | Updated in 1996 (3.0) 2007 (6.0)

Wolfram Research (1988), Ceiling, Wolfram Language function, https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/Ceiling.html (updated 2007). Text

Wolfram Research (1988), Ceiling, Wolfram Language function, https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/Ceiling.html (updated 2007).

CMS

Wolfram Language. 1988. "Ceiling." Wolfram Language & System Documentation Center. Wolfram Research. Last Modified 2007. https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/Ceiling.html.

APA

Wolfram Language. (1988). Ceiling. Wolfram Language & System Documentation Center. Retrieved from https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/Ceiling.html

BibTeX

@misc{reference.wolfram_2025_ceiling, author="Wolfram Research", title="{Ceiling}", year="2007", howpublished="\url{https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/Ceiling.html}", note=[Accessed: 12-July-2025 ]}

BibLaTeX

@online{reference.wolfram_2025_ceiling, organization={Wolfram Research}, title={Ceiling}, year={2007}, url={https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/Ceiling.html}, note=[Accessed: 12-July-2025 ]}


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