java.lang.Object
java.io.OutputStream
java.io.FilterOutputStream
java.io.PrintStream
public class PrintStream
A PrintStream adds functionality to another output stream, namely the ability to print representations of various data values conveniently. Two other features are provided as well. Unlike other output streams, a PrintStream never throws an IOException; instead, exceptional situations merely set an internal flag that can be tested via the checkError method. Optionally, a PrintStream can be created so as to flush automatically; this means that the flush method is automatically invoked after a byte array is written, one of the println methods is invoked, or a newline character or byte ('\n') is written.
All characters printed by a PrintStream are converted into bytes using the platform's default character encoding. The PrintWriter
PrintStream(File file)
PrintStream(File file, String csn)
PrintStream(OutputStream out)
PrintStream(OutputStream out, boolean autoFlush)
PrintStream(OutputStream out, boolean autoFlush, String encoding)
PrintStream(String fileName)
PrintStream(String fileName, String csn)
PrintStream append(char c)
PrintStream append(CharSequence csq)
PrintStream append(CharSequence csq, int start, int end)
boolean checkError()
void close()
void flush()
PrintStream format(Locale l, String format, Object... args)
PrintStream format(String format, Object... args)
void print(boolean b)
void print(char c)
void print(char[] s)
void print(double d)
void print(float f)
void print(int i)
void print(long l)
void print(Object obj)
void print(String s)
PrintStream printf(Locale l, String format, Object... args)
PrintStream printf(String format, Object... args)
void println()
void println(boolean x)
void println(char x)
void println(char[] x)
void println(double x)
void println(float x)
void println(int x)
void println(long x)
void println(Object x)
void println(String x)
protected void setError()
true. void write(byte[] buf, int off, int len)
len bytes from the specified byte array starting at offset off to this stream. void write(int b)
clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait PrintStream
public PrintStream(OutputStream out)
out - The output stream to which values and objects will be printed
PrintWriter.PrintWriter(java.io.OutputStream)
public PrintStream(OutputStream out,
boolean autoFlush)
out - The output stream to which values and objects will be printed
autoFlush - A boolean; if true, the output buffer will be flushed whenever a byte array is written, one of the println methods is invoked, or a newline character or byte ('\n') is written
PrintWriter.PrintWriter(java.io.OutputStream, boolean)
public PrintStream(OutputStream out,
boolean autoFlush,
String encoding)
throws UnsupportedEncodingException
out - The output stream to which values and objects will be printed
autoFlush - A boolean; if true, the output buffer will be flushed whenever a byte array is written, one of the println methods is invoked, or a newline character or byte ('\n') is written
encoding - The name of a supported character encoding
UnsupportedEncodingException - If the named encoding is not supported
public PrintStream(String fileName)
throws FileNotFoundException
OutputStreamWriter, which will encode characters using the default charset for this instance of the Java virtual machine.
fileName - The name of the file to use as the destination of this print stream. If the file exists, then it will be truncated to zero size; otherwise, a new file will be created. The output will be written to the file and is buffered.
FileNotFoundException - If the given file object does not denote an existing, writable regular file and a new regular file of that name cannot be created, or if some other error occurs while opening or creating the file
SecurityException - If a security manager is present and checkWrite(fileName) denies write access to the file
public PrintStream(String fileName,
String csn)
throws FileNotFoundException,
UnsupportedEncodingException
OutputStreamWriter, which will encode characters using the provided charset.
fileName - The name of the file to use as the destination of this print stream. If the file exists, then it will be truncated to zero size; otherwise, a new file will be created. The output will be written to the file and is buffered.
csn - The name of a supported charset
FileNotFoundException - If the given file object does not denote an existing, writable regular file and a new regular file of that name cannot be created, or if some other error occurs while opening or creating the file
SecurityException - If a security manager is present and checkWrite(fileName) denies write access to the file
UnsupportedEncodingException - If the named charset is not supported
public PrintStream(File file)
throws FileNotFoundException
OutputStreamWriter, which will encode characters using the default charset for this instance of the Java virtual machine.
file - The file to use as the destination of this print stream. If the file exists, then it will be truncated to zero size; otherwise, a new file will be created. The output will be written to the file and is buffered.
FileNotFoundException - If the given file object does not denote an existing, writable regular file and a new regular file of that name cannot be created, or if some other error occurs while opening or creating the file
SecurityException - If a security manager is present and checkWrite(file.getPath()) denies write access to the file
public PrintStream(File file,
String csn)
throws FileNotFoundException,
UnsupportedEncodingException
OutputStreamWriter, which will encode characters using the provided charset.
file - The file to use as the destination of this print stream. If the file exists, then it will be truncated to zero size; otherwise, a new file will be created. The output will be written to the file and is buffered.
csn - The name of a supported charset
FileNotFoundException - If the given file object does not denote an existing, writable regular file and a new regular file of that name cannot be created, or if some other error occurs while opening or creating the file
SecurityException - If a security manager is presentand checkWrite(file.getPath()) denies write access to the file
UnsupportedEncodingException - If the named charset is not supported
public void flush()
flush in interface Flushable
flush in class FilterOutputStream
OutputStream.flush()
public void close()
close in interface Closeable
close in class FilterOutputStream
OutputStream.close()
public boolean checkError()
true when the underlying output stream throws an IOException other than InterruptedIOException, and when the setError method is invoked. If an operation on the underlying output stream throws an InterruptedIOException, then the PrintStream converts the exception back into an interrupt by doing:
Thread.currentThread().interrupt();or the equivalent.
IOException other than InterruptedIOException, or the setError method has been invoked
protected void setError()
true.
public void write(int b)
flush method will be invoked.
Note that the byte is written as given; to write a character that will be translated according to the platform's default character encoding, use the print(char) or println(char) methods.
write in class FilterOutputStream
b - The byte to be written
print(char), println(char)
public void write(byte[] buf,
int off,
int len)
len bytes from the specified byte array starting at offset off to this stream. If automatic flushing is enabled then the flush method will be invoked.
Note that the bytes will be written as given; to write characters that will be translated according to the platform's default character encoding, use the print(char) or println(char) methods.
write in class FilterOutputStream
buf - A byte array
off - Offset from which to start taking bytes
len - Number of bytes to write
FilterOutputStream.write(int)
public void print(boolean b)
String.valueOf(boolean)write(int)b - The boolean to be printed
public void print(char c)
write(int)c - The char to be printed
public void print(int i)
String.valueOf(int)write(int)i - The int to be printed
Integer.toString(int)
public void print(long l)
String.valueOf(long)write(int)l - The long to be printed
Long.toString(long)
public void print(float f)
String.valueOf(float)write(int)f - The float to be printed
Float.toString(float)
public void print(double d)
String.valueOf(double)write(int)d - The double to be printed
Double.toString(double)
public void print(char[] s)
write(int)s - The array of chars to be printed
NullPointerException - If s is null
public void print(String s)
null then the string "null" is printed. Otherwise, the string's characters are converted into bytes according to the platform's default character encoding, and these bytes are written in exactly the manner of the write(int)s - The String to be printed
public void print(Object obj)
String.valueOf(Object)write(int)obj - The Object to be printed
Object.toString()
public void println()
line.separator, and is not necessarily a single newline character ('\n').
public void println(boolean x)
print(boolean)println()x - The boolean to be printed
public void println(char x)
print(char)println()x - The char to be printed.
public void println(int x)
print(int)println()x - The int to be printed.
public void println(long x)
print(long)println()x - a The long to be printed.
public void println(float x)
print(float)println()x - The float to be printed.
public void println(double x)
print(double)println()x - The double to be printed.
public void println(char[] x)
print(char[])println()x - an array of chars to print.
public void println(String x)
print(String)println()x - The String to be printed.
public void println(Object x)
print(Object)println()x - The Object to be printed.
public PrintStream printf(String format,
Object... args)
An invocation of this method of the form out.printf(format, args) behaves in exactly the same way as the invocation
out.format(format, args)
format - A format string as described in Format string syntax
args - Arguments referenced by the format specifiers in the format string. If there are more arguments than format specifiers, the extra arguments are ignored. The number of arguments is variable and may be zero. The maximum number of arguments is limited by the maximum dimension of a Java array as defined by the Java Virtual Machine Specification. The behaviour on a null argument depends on the conversion.
IllegalFormatException - If a format string contains an illegal syntax, a format specifier that is incompatible with the given arguments, insufficient arguments given the format string, or other illegal conditions. For specification of all possible formatting errors, see the Details section of the formatter class specification.
NullPointerException - If the format is null
public PrintStream printf(Locale l,
String format,
Object... args)
An invocation of this method of the form out.printf(l, format, args) behaves in exactly the same way as the invocation
out.format(l, format, args)
l - The locale to apply during formatting. If l is null then no localization is applied.
format - A format string as described in Format string syntax
args - Arguments referenced by the format specifiers in the format string. If there are more arguments than format specifiers, the extra arguments are ignored. The number of arguments is variable and may be zero. The maximum number of arguments is limited by the maximum dimension of a Java array as defined by the Java Virtual Machine Specification. The behaviour on a null argument depends on the conversion.
IllegalFormatException - If a format string contains an illegal syntax, a format specifier that is incompatible with the given arguments, insufficient arguments given the format string, or other illegal conditions. For specification of all possible formatting errors, see the Details section of the formatter class specification.
NullPointerException - If the format is null
public PrintStream format(String format,
Object... args)
The locale always used is the one returned by Locale.getDefault(), regardless of any previous invocations of other formatting methods on this object.
format - A format string as described in Format string syntax
args - Arguments referenced by the format specifiers in the format string. If there are more arguments than format specifiers, the extra arguments are ignored. The number of arguments is variable and may be zero. The maximum number of arguments is limited by the maximum dimension of a Java array as defined by the Java Virtual Machine Specification. The behaviour on a null argument depends on the conversion.
IllegalFormatException - If a format string contains an illegal syntax, a format specifier that is incompatible with the given arguments, insufficient arguments given the format string, or other illegal conditions. For specification of all possible formatting errors, see the Details section of the formatter class specification.
NullPointerException - If the format is null
public PrintStream format(Locale l,
String format,
Object... args)
l - The locale to apply during formatting. If l is null then no localization is applied.
format - A format string as described in Format string syntax
args - Arguments referenced by the format specifiers in the format string. If there are more arguments than format specifiers, the extra arguments are ignored. The number of arguments is variable and may be zero. The maximum number of arguments is limited by the maximum dimension of a Java array as defined by the Java Virtual Machine Specification. The behaviour on a null argument depends on the conversion.
IllegalFormatException - If a format string contains an illegal syntax, a format specifier that is incompatible with the given arguments, insufficient arguments given the format string, or other illegal conditions. For specification of all possible formatting errors, see the Details section of the formatter class specification.
NullPointerException - If the format is null
public PrintStream append(CharSequence csq)
An invocation of this method of the form out.append(csq) behaves in exactly the same way as the invocation
out.print(csq.toString())
Depending on the specification of toString for the character sequence csq, the entire sequence may not be appended. appended. For instance, invoking then toString method of a character buffer will return a subsequence whose content depends upon the buffer's position and limit.
append in interface Appendable
csq - The character sequence to append. If csq is null, then the four characters "null" are appended to this output stream.
public PrintStream append(CharSequence csq,
int start,
int end)
An invocation of this method of the form out.append(csq, start, end) when csq is not null, behaves in exactly the same way as the invocation
out.print(csq.subSequence(start, end).toString())
append in interface Appendable
csq - The character sequence from which a subsequence will be appended. If csq is null, then characters will be appended as if csq contained the four characters "null".
start - The index of the first character in the subsequence
end - The index of the character following the last character in the subsequence
IndexOutOfBoundsException - If start or end are negative, start is greater than end, or end is greater than csq.length()
public PrintStream append(char c)
An invocation of this method of the form out.append(c) behaves in exactly the same way as the invocation
out.print(c)
append in interface Appendable
c - The 16-bit character to append
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