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Southwest Finland - Wikipedia

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Region of Finland

Region in Finland Proper, Finland

Southwest Finland

Varsinais-Suomi (Finnish)
Egentliga Finland (Swedish)

Finland Proper

Region of Finland Proper
Varsinais-Suomen maakunta
Landskapet Egentliga Finland

Coat of arms

Southwest Finland on a map of Finland

Country Finland Historical province Finland Proper Capital Turku Other towns Kaarina, Laitila, Loimaa, Naantali, Paimio, Pargas, Raisio, Salo, Somero and Uusikaupunki

 • Total

10,910.05 km2 (4,212.39 sq mi)

 • Total

485,567  • Density 45/km2 (120/sq mi)  • Total €16.219 billion (2015)  • Per capita €34,252 (2015) Time zone UTC+2 (EET)  • Summer (DST) UTC+3 (EEST) ISO 3166 code FI-19 NUTS 183 Regional animal Red fox Regional bird Western jackdaw Regional fish Baltic herring Regional flower Oak Regional stone Red granite Regional lake Pyhäjärvi Website varsinais-suomi.fi

Southwest Finland (Finnish: Varsinais-Suomi, IPA: [ˈʋɑrs̠inɑi̯s̠ˌs̠uo̞̯mi]; Swedish: Egentliga Finland) is a region (Finnish: maakunta, Swedish: landskap) of Finland. It borders the regions of Satakunta, Pirkanmaa, Tavastia Proper (Kanta-Häme), Uusimaa, and Åland. The regional capital and most populous city is Turku, which was the capital city of Finland before Helsinki.

The region largely corresponds to the historical province of Finland Proper. Until 2019, its official English name was Finland Proper,[2] a designation still used in Finnish (Varsinais-Suomi) and Swedish (Egentliga Finland).

Origin of the name Finland Proper[edit] The seal of Finland Proper from 1326

The name Finland Proper has historical roots. In Early Middle Ages, in the area of the present-day Southern Finland was inhabited by three main tribes: the Finns, the Tavastians and the Karelians. The southwestern part of the country, where the Finns lived, was originally called simply Finland (Suomi in Finnish).

By the 17th century, the name Finland began to be used for a broader area, creating a need for a more specific name for this region. The earliest recorded terms for "Finland Proper" appeared in Latin in the 1650s as Fennigia specialiter dicta and Fennigia presse dicta. Later, in the 18th century, the Swedish terms Finland för sig sielft and Egenteliga Finland emerged. The modern Swedish name Egentliga Finland became officially recognized by the end of the century, while the Finnish equivalent, Varsinais-Suomi, was established around the 1850s.[3]

Turku Archipelago

Southwest Finland's nature differs from other regions. The most notable biotopes are the Archipelago Sea and groves. 80% of Finland's insect species can be found in Southwest Finland.[4] There are around 20,000 islands near the coast.[5]

The southernmost point of Southwest Finland and the southernmost inhabited island is Utö.[6] Its highest point is 164 meters in Kiikala.[7]

Historical provinces[edit]

The region uses the coat of arms of the historical province of Finland Proper. The knight's helmet motif on the coat of arms has been interpreted as symbolizing the court of Duke of Finland, the in the southern part of the duchy, as well as the region's position as the administrative centre of the land.[8]

The region of Southwest Finland consists of 27 municipalities, 11 of which have city status (marked in bold).

Municipalities on the map[edit]

Cities and municipalities of Southwest Finland.

Loimaa sub-region:

Turku sub-region:

Åboland–Turunmaa sub-region:

Salo sub-region:

Vakka-Suomi sub-region:

List of municipalities[edit] Raisin sausage Coat of
arms Municipality Population Land area
(km2) Density
(/km2) Finnish
speakers Swedish
speakers Other
speakers Aura 3,972 95 42 97 % 1 % 3 % Kaarina 36,563 151 243 88 % 5 % 7 % Koski Tl 2,193 192 11 95 % 0 % 5 % Kimitoön 6,350 687 9 30 % 66 % 4 % Kustavi 952 166 6 95 % 2 % 5 % Laitila 8,488 532 16 87 % 0 % 13 % Lieto 20,687 301 69 94 % 2 % 5 % Loimaa 15,265 848 18 94 % 0 % 6 % Marttila 1,907 195 10 96 % 1 % 3 % Masku 9,635 175 55 95 % 1 % 3 % Mynämäki 7,464 520 14 95 % 1 % 4 % Naantali 20,190 313 65 94 % 1 % 4 % Nousiainen 4,676 199 24 95 % 1 % 4 % Oripää 1,307 118 11 90 % 0 % 9 % Paimio 11,237 239 47 94 % 1 % 5 % Pargas 14,829 884 17 42 % 54 % 5 % Pyhäranta 1,926 144 13 96 % 1 % 3 % Pöytyä 7,984 750 11 94 % 1 % 5 % Raisio 25,817 49 529 85 % 1 % 14 % Rusko 6,402 127 50 95 % 2 % 3 % Salo 50,785 1,987 26 90 % 1 % 9 % Sauvo 2,953 253 12 91 % 2 % 7 % Somero 8,420 668 13 93 % 1 % 7 % Taivassalo 1,704 140 12 91 % 1 % 8 % Turku 206,420 246 840 78 % 5 % 17 % Uusikaupunki 14,764 503 29 91 % 0 % 9 % Vehmaa 2,245 189 12 93 % 1 % 7 % Total 495,135 9,097 54

83 %

6 %

11 % Historical population Year 1980 406,360 —     1985 415,899 +2.3% 1990 425,282 +2.3% 1995 435,119 +2.3% 2000 447,103 +2.8% 2005 455,584 +1.9% 2010 465,183 +2.1% 2015 474,323 +2.0% 2018 478,582 +0.9% 2020 481,403 +0.6% Source: Statistics Finland

As of 2020, Southwest Finland had a population of 481,403, making it the third most populated Finnish region after Uusimaa and Pirkanmaa. 86.45% speak Finnish, 5.68% Swedish and 7.86% speak other languages, the most common being Russian, Estonian, Arabic, Kurdish and Albanian.

It has the most summer cottages out of any Finnish region, with 49,000 as of 2012.[10]

Results of the 2023 Finnish parliamentary election in Southwest Finland:

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