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Showing content from http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/header/../filesystem/recursive_directory_iterator/depth.html below:

std::filesystem::recursive_directory_iterator::depth - cppreference.com

int depth() const;

Returns the number of directories from the starting directory to the currently iterated directory, i.e. the current depth of the directory hierarchy.

The starting directory has depth of 0, its subdirectories have depth 1, etc.

The behavior is undefined if *this is the end iterator.

(none)

Current depth of the directory hierarchy.

Throws nothing.

This example uses iteration depth to calculate the indentation of a directory tree printout.

#include <filesystem>
#include <fstream>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
namespace fs = std::filesystem;
 
int main()
{
    fs::current_path(fs::temp_directory_path());
    fs::create_directories("sandbox/a/b/c");
    fs::create_directories("sandbox/a/b/d/e");
    std::ofstream("sandbox/a/b/file1.txt");
    fs::create_symlink("a", "sandbox/syma");
    for (auto i = fs::recursive_directory_iterator("sandbox");
         i != fs::recursive_directory_iterator();
         ++i)
    {
        std::cout << std::string(i.depth() << 1, ' ') << *i;
        if (fs::is_symlink(i->symlink_status()))
            std::cout << " -> " << fs::read_symlink(*i);
        std::cout << '\n';
    }
    fs::remove_all("sandbox");
}

Output:

"sandbox/syma" -> "a"
"sandbox/a"
  "sandbox/a/b"
    "sandbox/a/b/d"
      "sandbox/a/b/d/e"
    "sandbox/a/b/file1.txt"
    "sandbox/a/b/c"

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