Baseline Widely available
The contrast()
CSS function adjusts the contrast of the input image. Its result is a <filter-function>
.
<section id="default-example">
<img
class="transition-all"
id="example-element"
src="/shared-assets/images/examples/firefox-logo.svg"
width="200" />
</section>
Syntax Values
amount
Optional
The contrast of the result, specified as a <number>
or a <percentage>
. A value under 100%
decreases the contrast, while a value over 100%
increases it. A value of 0
or 0%
will create an image that is completely gray, while a value of 1
or 100%
leaves the input unchanged. Negative values are not allowed. The initial value for interpolation is 1
. The default value is 1
.
The following are pairs of equivalent values:
contrast(0) /* Completely gray */
contrast(0%)
contrast(0.65) /* 65% contrast */
contrast(65%)
contrast() /* No effect */
contrast(1)
contrast(100%)
contrast(2) /* Double contrast */
contrast(200%)
Formal syntax
<contrast()> =Examples With the backdrop-filter property
contrast( [ <number> | <percentage> ]? )
This example applies a contrast()
filter via the backdrop-filter
CSS property to the paragraph and monospaced text, color shifting to the area behind the <p>
and <code>
.
.container {
background: url("unity_for_the_people.jpg") no-repeat center / contain #333399;
}
p {
backdrop-filter: contrast(0.5);
}
code {
backdrop-filter: contrast(0.15);
}
.container {
padding: 3rem;
width: 30rem;
}
p {
padding: 0.5rem;
color: white;
font-family: sans-serif;
}
<div class="container">
<p>
Always ensure there is enough contrast between text and all background
colors. If you think your text may land on top of a background image,
include a <code>backdrop-filter</code>. Reducing the contrast of background
colors with the <code>contrast()</code> filter may improve legibility but
does not guarantee accessibility.
</p>
</div>
With the filter property
This example applies a contrast()
filter via the filter
CSS property, changing contrast by shifting colors of the entire element, including content, border, background, and shadows.
p:first-of-type {
filter: contrast(30%);
}
p:last-of-type {
filter: contrast(300%);
}
p {
text-shadow: 2px 2px blue;
background-color: magenta;
color: palegoldenrod;
border: 1em solid rebeccapurple;
box-shadow:
inset -5px -5px red,
5px 5px yellow;
padding: 0.25rem;
font-size: 1.25rem;
font-family: sans-serif;
width: 85vw;
}
<p>This paragraph has reduced contrast.</p>
<p>This paragraph has normal contrast.</p>
<p>This paragraph has increased contrast.</p>
With url() and the SVG contrast filter
The SVG <filter>
element is used to define custom filter effects that can then be referenced by id
. The <filter>
's <feComponentTransfer>
primitive enables pixel-level color remapping. Given the following:
<svg
xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
id="svg"
viewBox="0 0 240 151"
height="0"
width="0"
overflow="visible"
color-interpolation-filters="sRGB">
<filter id="contrast">
<feComponentTransfer>
<feFuncR type="linear" slope="2" intercept="-0.5" />
<feFuncG type="linear" slope="2" intercept="-0.5" />
<feFuncB type="linear" slope="2" intercept="-0.5" />
</feComponentTransfer>
</filter>
</svg>
These values produce the same results:
filter: contrast(200%);
filter: url("#contrast"); /* with embedded SVG */
filter: url("folder/fileName.svg#contrast"); /* external svg filter definition */
This example shows three images: the image with a contrast()
filter function applied, the image with an equivalent url()
filter applied, and the original images for comparison:
<table cellpadding="5">
<thead>
<tr>
<th><code>contrast()</code></th>
<th><code>url()</code></th>
<th>Original image</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>
<img
class="css-filter"
src="https://mdn.github.io/shared-assets/images/examples/progress-pride-flag.jpg"
alt="Pride flag" />
</td>
<td>
<img
class="svg-filter"
src="https://mdn.github.io/shared-assets/images/examples/progress-pride-flag.jpg"
alt="Pride flag" />
</td>
<td>
<img
src="https://mdn.github.io/shared-assets/images/examples/progress-pride-flag.jpg"
alt="Pride flag" />
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
.css-filter {
filter: contrast(200%);
}
.svg-filter {
filter: url("#contrast");
}
svg:not(:root) {
display: none;
}
Specifications Browser compatibility See also
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UTF-8
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