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Showing content from http://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/DocumentType/before below:

DocumentType: before() method - Web APIs

DocumentType: before() method

Baseline Widely available

The DocumentType.before() method inserts a set of Node objects or strings in the children list of the DocumentType's parent, just before the DocumentType. Strings are inserted as equivalent Text nodes.

Syntax
before(param1)
before(param1, param2)
before(param1, param2, /* …, */ paramN)
Parameters
param1, …, paramN

A set of Node objects or strings to insert.

Return value

None (undefined).

Exceptions
HierarchyRequestError DOMException

Thrown when the node cannot be inserted at the specified point in the hierarchy.

Examples

Comment nodes are valid before doctype declarations but not advisable given they trigger quirks mode in IE. A conditional comment works for IE as well, though:

let docType = document.implementation.createDocumentType("html", "", "");
let myDoc = document.implementation.createDocument("", "", docType);

docType.before(
  document.createComment("<!--[if !IE]> conditional comment <![endif]-->"),
);

myDoc.childNodes;
// NodeList [<!--[if !IE]> conditional comment <![endif]-->, <!DOCTYPE html>]
Specifications Browser compatibility See also

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